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Masa'il Harb al-Kirmani: Book of Purification (Taharah) and Prayer (Salah) - Edited by al-Surayyi'
Volume 1 · Page 322Chapter: If a person reaches the Imam while he is bowing (ruku'), does a single Takbir suffice?

Translation · EN

765 - al-Walid said: And 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Namir al-Yahsubi informed me that he asked Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri about one who forgot the opening Takbir while he had said the Takbir for bowing? He said: "His prayer has passed (is valid), and he should perform two prostrations of forgetfulness."

al-Walid said: I mentioned that to Abu 'Amr, and Abu 'Amr narrated to us, from Ibn Shihab al-Zuhri, the same.

766 - 'Abbas ibn 'Abd al-'Azim narrated to us, he said: 'Uthman ibn 'Umar narrated to us, he said: Yunus informed us, from al-Zuhri, from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, he said: "If he forgets the opening Takbir, the Takbir for bowing suffices him."

'Abbas said: "If he intends it," meaning: that he intends it to be for the opening.

Chapter: A man catches the Imam while he is bowing; does one Takbir suffice him?

  • Ahmad was asked about a man who catches the Imam while he is bowing; does one Takbir suffice him? He said: "Yes, and likewise if he catches him prostrating."

  • And I heard Ishaq say: "If a man comes to the Imam and some of the prayer has already passed him, and he finds him bowing, he should open the prayer with a Takbir in which he intends the opening of the prayer, then he should say the Takbir and bow. If he says one Takbir and intends by it the opening of the prayer, and does not say another Takbir until he bows, it suffices him. And if he says a Takbir at the time of bowing, intending by it only the opening of the prayer, and did not intend by it both the opening of the prayer and the rak'ah, it suffices him—even if he does not say the Takbir for bowing. But if he intends by the Takbir both the opening and the rak'ah, his prayer is not valid; because he did not say the Takbir for the sanctification (tahrim) of the prayer exclusively. He must not omit the Takbirs for bowing and prostrating. The first Takbir is an obligation without which the prayer is not complete; if he misses it intentionally or forgets it, his prayer is void; because it is the opening of the prayer."

Arabic (Source)

٧٦٥ - قال الوَليد: وأخبرني عبد الرحمن بن نمر اليحصبي، أنه سأل ابنَ شِهاب الزُّهري عمَّن نَسي تكبيرة الاستِفتاح وقد كَبَّر للركوع؟ فقال: «قد مَضَت صلاته، ويَسجُد سَجدَتَي السهو».

قال الوَليد: فذَكَرت ذلك لأبي عَمرو، فحدثنا أبو عَمرو، عن ابن شِهاب الزُّهري؛ مثل ذلك.

٧٦٦ - حدثنا عَبَّاس بن عبد العَظيم، قال: ثنا عُثمان بن عُمَر، قال: أبنا يونُس، عن الزُّهري، عن سَعيد بن المسيَّب، قال: «إذا نَسي تكبيرة الاستِفتاح أجزَتْه تكبيرة الركوع».

قال عَبَّاس: «إذا اعتَقَد»، يعني: أنه يَنوي أنها للاستِفتاح.

باب: الرَّجل يُدرِك الإمامَ وهو راكع، أيجزئه تَكبيرةٌ واحِدة؟

• سُئل أحمَد عن الرجل يُدرِك الإمامَ وهو راكع، أيجزئه تكبيرةٌ واحدة؟ قال: «نعم، وكذلك إن أدرَكَه ساجدًا».

• وسمعت إسحاق يقول: «إذا جاء الرجل إلى الإمام وقد فاتَه بعض الصَّلاة، فإن وَجَدَه راكعًا؛ فليَفتَتِح الصَّلاة بتكبيرةٍ يَنوي بها مِفتاح الصَّلاة، ثم يُكبِّر ويركع، وإن كَبَّر تكبيرةً ويَنوي بها مِفتاح الصَّلاة، ولم يُكبِّر حتى يَركَع؛ أجزأه، وإن كَبَّر عِندَ الركوع تكبيرةً يَنوي بها مِفتاح الصَّلاة فقط، ولم يَنوِ بها افتِتاح الصَّلاة والركعة؛ أجزأته •وإن لم يُكبِّر للركوع-، فإن نَوَى بالتكبير الافتتاحَ والركعةَ؛ لم تُجزِه صلاته؛ لأنه لم يُكبِّر لِتَحريم الصَّلاة خالِصًا، وتكبيرات الركوع والسجود ⦗٣٧٨⦘ لا يَترُكها، والتكبيرة الأولى هي فريضَةٌ لا تَتِمُّ الصَّلاة إلا بها، فإن ضَيَّعَها عَمدًا أو سَها عنها؛ فصلاته فاسِدَة؛ لأنها مِفتاح الصَّلاة».

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