"And when We took the covenant of the Children of Israel: You shall not worship except Allah." Muhammad [Ibn Abi Zamanin] said: "(You shall not worship) - it is permissible for it to be in the nominative case (raf'), based on the meaning of 'you do not worship' (la ta'buduna), and when the particle 'an' was dropped, 'ta'buduna' was put in the nominative. Similarly, His saying, the Almighty, after this: 'You shall not shed your own blood,' the nominative case therein is on the meaning of: 'you do not [shed].' 'And to parents, good treatment' - meaning: We enjoined upon them good treatment toward parents. 'And speak good to people' - an explanation of 'good' (al-hasan). They command them with what Allah has commanded [it] and forbid them from what Allah has forbidden.
"Then you turned away" - [meaning: you denied] "except for a few of you" - the few meaning: those who followed the Prophet. "And you are refusing" - [from what] the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) brought.
﴿وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تَعْبدُونَ إِلَّا الله﴾ قَالَ مُحَمَّد: ((لَا تَعْبدُونَ)) جَائِز أَن يكون فِيهِ الرّفْع؛ على معنى أَلا تعبدوا فَلَمَّا سَقَطت ((أَن)) رفع ((تَعْبدُونَ)) وَكَذَلِكَ قَوْله تَعَالَى بعد هَذَا: ﴿لَا تسفكون دماءكم﴾ الرّفْع فِيهِ على معنى: أَلا [تسفكوا]. ﴿وبالوالدين إحسانا﴾ أَي: وصيناهم بالوالدين إحسانا ﴿وَقُولُوا للنَّاس حسنا﴾ تَفْسِير الحَسَن. يأمرونهم بِمَا أَمر اللَّه [بِهِ] وينهونهم عَمَّا نهى الله عَنهُ
﴿ثمَّ توليتم﴾ [أَي جحدتم] (ل ١٣) ﴿إِلَّا قَلِيلا مِنْكُم﴾ الْقَلِيل يَعْنِي: الَّذين اتبعُوا النَّبي ﴿وَأَنْتُم معرضون﴾ [عَمَّا] جَاءَ بِهِ النَّبي ﷺ.
