"[Verse 189] 'They ask you about the new moons. Say: They are indicators for the people and for the Hajj.' Qatada said: It was mentioned to us that they asked the Prophet of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: Why were these new moons created? So Allah revealed this verse; meaning: They are indicators for the people, for their fasting and breaking of their fast, their Hajj, the waiting period ('iddah) of their women, and the maturity of their debts.
His saying, the Almighty: 'And righteousness is not that you enter houses from their backs, but righteousness is [in] one who fears Allah. And enter houses from their doors.' The explanation of Qatada: He said: This tribe of the Ansar, when one of them would enter into the state of Ihram, he would not enter a house or a dwelling through its door, unless he scaled a wall by climbing over it. They entered Islam while they were all upon that practice, until Allah forbade them from it. [Verses 190-193]"
﴿يَسْأَلُونَكَ عَنِ الأَهِلَّةِ قُلْ هِيَ مَوَاقِيت للنَّاس وَالْحج﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَة: ذكر لَنَا: أَنهم سَأَلُوا نَبِي اللَّهِ ﷺ لم خلقت هَذِه الْأَهِلّة؟ فَأنْزل اللَّه هَذِه الْآيَة؛ أَي: هِيَ مَوَاقِيت للنَّاس؛ لصومهم وإفطارهم وحجهم وعدة نِسَائِهِم وَمحل دَيْنهم.
قَوْله تَعَالَى: ﴿وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا وَلَكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنِ اتَّقَى وَأْتُوا الْبيُوت من أَبْوَابهَا﴾ تَفْسِير قَتَادَة: قَالَ: كَانَ هَذَا الْحَيّ من الْأَنْصَار إِذا أهل أحدهم لم يدْخل بَيْتا وَلا دَارا من بَابه، إِلَّا أَن يتسور حَائِطا تسورا، وَأَسْلمُوا وهم كلهم على ذَلِكَ؛ حَتَّى نَهَاهُم الله. [آيَة ١٩٠ - ١٩٣]
