His saying, may He be exalted: "Fight those who do not believe in Allah nor in the Last Day"—the verse. He commanded the fighting of the People of the Book until they submit to Islam or pay the jizyah.
Muhammad said: His saying "'an yadin" (willingly), it is said: he gave it 'an yadin, and 'an zahri yadin, meaning: he gave it proactively and not as a reciprocal act.
Surat at-Tawbah from verse (30) to verse (33).
قَوْلُهُ ﷿: ﴿قَاتِلُوا الَّذِينَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ بِاللَّهِ وَلا بِالْيَوْمِ الآخر﴾ الآيَةُ، فَأَمَرَ بِقِتَالِ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ؛ حَتَّى يُسْلِمُوا، أَوْ يُقِرُّوا بِالْجِزْيَةِ.
قَالَ محمدٌ: قَوْلُهُ: ﴿عَنْ يَدٍ﴾ يُقَالُ: أَعْطَاهُ عَنْ يدٍ، وَعَنْ ظَهْرِ يدٍ؛ أَيْ: أَعْطَاهُ ذَلِكَ مبتدئاً غير مكافئ.
سُورَة التَّوْبَة من الْآيَة (٣٠) إِلَى الْآيَة (٣٣).
