"They said, 'We will not cease,'" meaning: we will not stop, "devoted to it," worshipping it, "until Moses returns to us."
﴿قَالُوا لن نَبْرَح﴾ أَيْ: لَنْ نَزَالَ ﴿عَلَيْهِ عَاكِفِينَ﴾ نَعْبُدُهُ ﴿حَتَّى يَرْجِعَ إِلَيْنَا مُوسَى﴾.