"And do not pursue that of which you have no knowledge" [the verse]. The interpretation of al-Hasan: Do not pursue [the faults of] your Muslim brother behind his back if he passes by you, by saying: 'I saw him do such and such, and I heard him say such and such,' regarding what you have neither heard nor seen.
Muhammad said: The root of the word is from your saying, 'I followed (qafawtu) the footprint (al-athar) and trace it (aqfuhu) (qafwan),' when you follow it. Thus, the meaning of the verse is: Do not follow with your tongue [any] speech of which you have no knowledge. This is what al-Hasan intended. "Indeed, the hearing, the sight, and the heart—about all of these [one] will be questioned." The hearing shall be questioned about what it heard, the sight about what it saw, and the heart about what it resolved upon.
Muhammad said: Every plural [noun] that you refer to, whether it be of people or others, and even inanimate objects, its form...
﴿وَلا تَقْفُ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ علم﴾ الْآيَةُ، تَفْسِيرُ الْحَسَنِ: لَا تَقْفُ أَخَاكَ الْمُسْلِمَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِ إِذَا مَرَّ بِكَ؛ فَتَقُولُ: إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ هَذَا يَفْعَلُ كَذَا، وَسَمِعْتُ هَذَا يَقُولُ كَذَا؛ لِمَا لَمْ تَسْمَعْ وَلَمْ تَرَ.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: أَصْلُ الْكَلِمَةِ مِنْ قَوْلِكَ: قَفَوْتُ الأَثَرَ أَقْفُوهُ قَفْوًا؛ إِذَا اتَّبَعْتُهُ فَمَعْنَى الْآيَةِ: لَا تُتْبِعَنَّ لِسَانَكَ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ مَا لَيْسَ لَكَ بِهِ عِلْمٌ؛ وَهُوَ الَّذِي أَرَادَ الْحَسَنُ. ﴿إِنَّ السَّمْعَ وَالْبَصَرَ وَالْفُؤَادَ كُلُّ أُولَئِكَ كَانَ عَنهُ مسئولا﴾ يُسْأَلُ السَّمْعُ عَمَّا سَمِعَ، وَالْبَصَرُ عَمَّا أَبْصَرَ، وَالْقَلْبُ عَمَّا عَزَمَ عَلَيْهِ.
قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: كُلُّ جَمْعٍ أَشَرْتَ إِلَيْهِ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَغَيْرِهِمْ، وَمِنَ الْمَوَاتِ فَلَفْظُهُ
