"[Those who have been evicted from their homes without right - only because they say, 'Our Lord is Allah.']" This means they were expelled because they said: "Our Lord is Allah." "[And were it not that Allah checks one group of people by means of another, there would have been demolished monasteries, churches, synagogues, and mosques]". Qatada said: The monasteries belong to the Sabaeans, and the churches belong to the Christians—meaning the places of worship—and the synagogues belong to the Jews, and the mosques mean the mosques of the Muslims, "[in which the name of Allah is much mentioned]"—meaning the mosques. "[And Allah will surely support those who support Him]"—meaning those who support His religion. The meaning of "synagogues" (salawat) is houses of prayer.
﴿الَّذِينَ أُخْرِجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ بِغَيْرِ حَقٍّ إِلا أَنْ يَقُولُوا رَبُّنَا الله﴾ أَيْ: أَنَّهُمْ أُخْرِجُوا؛ لِأَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا: رَبُّنَا اللَّهُ ﴿وَلَوْلا دَفْعُ اللَّهِ النَّاسَ بَعْضَهُمْ بِبَعْضٍ لَهُدِّمَتْ صَوَامِعُ وَبيع وصلوات ومساجد﴾ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: الْصَوَامِعُ (لِلصَّابِئِينَ)، وَالْبِيَعُ لِلنَّصَارَى؛ يَعْنِي: الْكَنَائِسَ، وَالصَّلَوَاتُ لِلْيَهُودُ وَمَسَاجِدَ؛ يَعْنِي: مَسَاجِدَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ ﴿يُذْكَرُ فِيهَا اسْم الله كثيرا﴾ يَعْنِي: الْمَسَاجِدَ ﴿وَلَيَنْصُرَنَّ اللَّهُ مَنْ ينصره﴾ أَيْ: مَنْ يَنْصُرُ دِينَهُ. مَعْنَى (وصلوات) أَي: بيُوت صلوَات
