"O you who have believed, indeed, among your spouses and your children are enemies to you," up to His statement: "Then indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful." The interpretation of al-Kalbi: A man would intend to migrate, and his child and wife would cling to him, saying: "We adjure you by Allah that you do not leave and abandon us, for we will be lost." Some of them would obey their command and stay, so He cautioned them against them and forbade them from obeying them. Others would proceed with the migration and abandon them, saying to them: "By Allah, if you do not migrate with me, and I remain until Allah gathers me and you in the Abode of Migration (Dar al-Hijrah), I will never benefit you with anything." When Allah gathered him and them together, Allah revealed: "But if you pardon and overlook and forgive, then indeed, Allah is Forgiving, Merciful."
﴿يَا أَيهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لَكُمْ﴾ إِلَى قَوْله: ﴿فَإِن الله غَفُور رَحِيم﴾ تَفْسِير الْكَلْبِيّ: إِن الرجل كَانَ إِذا أَرَادَ الْهِجْرَة تعلَّق بِهِ وَلَده وَامْرَأَته؛ فَقَالُوا: ننشدك اللَّه أَن تذْهب وتتركنا فنضيع، فَمنهمْ من يُطِيع أَمرهم فيقيم، فَحَذَّرَهُمْ إيَّاهُم ونهاهم عَن طاعتهم، وَمِنْهُم من يمْضِي على الْهِجْرَة فيذرهم فَيَقُول لَهُم: أما وَالله لَئِن لم تهاجروا معي وبقيتُ حَتَّى يجمع اللَّه بيني وَبَيْنكُم فِي دَار الْهِجْرَة لَا أنفعكم بِشَيْء أبدا، فَلَمَّا جمع اللَّه بَينه وَبينهمْ أنزل اللَّه: ﴿وَإِنْ تَعْفُوا وَتَصْفَحُوا وَتَغْفِرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ﴾.
