"That We might test them therein" – meaning: We might try them therein so We may know how they give thanks.
Muhammad said: They say: The land became moist (ghadiqat) and it became irrigated (aghdqat) when it becomes wet, and they say: abundant rain (ghaydaq); meaning: much, and a year is considered prosperous (ghaydaq) when it is fertile.
"We will drive him" – meaning: We will cause him to enter, "into an escalating punishment" – according to the interpretation of Qatadah: there is no rest in it.
Muhammad said: It is said: The matter became difficult for me (tasa'adanee al-amr) when it became burdensome for me.
﴿لنفتنهم فِيهِ﴾ لِنَخْتَبِرَهُمْ فِيهِ فَنَعْلَمَ كَيْفَ شُكْرُهُمْ.
قَالَ محمدٌ: قَالُوا: غَدِقَت الْأَرْضُ وأَغْدقت إِذَا ابتلّتْ، وَقَالُوا: مطرٌ غَيْداق؛ أَيْ: كَثِيرٌ، وَسَنَةٌ غَيْدَاق إِذَا أَخْصَبَتْ.
﴿نَسْلُكُهُ﴾ نُدْخِلُهُ ﴿عَذَابًا صعدا﴾ تَفْسِيرُ قَتَادَةَ: لَا رَاحَةَ فِيهِ.
قَالَ محمدٌ: يُقَالُ: تصعَّدني الْأَمْرُ إِذا شقَّ عليَّ.
