834 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, from Abu Ja'far, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah, regarding His saying: "And when We took the covenant of the Children of Israel, [saying], 'Do not worship except Allah'", he said: He took their covenants that they should be sincere to Him and not worship anyone else, and "[do good] to parents," until the end of the verse.
835 - 'Ali ibn al-Mubarak informed us in what he wrote to me, Zayd ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, Ibn Thawr narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj: "And when We took the covenant of the Children of Israel," he said: The covenant that was taken upon them in Surah al-Ma'idah.
His saying: "Do not worship except Allah"
836 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, from Abu Ja'far, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah, regarding His saying: "Do not worship except Allah," [meaning] do not worship anyone else.
His saying: "And to parents, good treatment, and to relatives"
837 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Safwan narrated to us, al-Walid narrated to us, Bukayr ibn Ma'ruf informed me, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, regarding the saying of Allah: "And when We took the covenant of the Children of Israel, [saying], 'Do not worship except Allah and to parents, good treatment, and to relatives, orphans, and the needy,'" he said: Concerning what He commanded you regarding the right of the parents, the relatives, the orphans, and the needy.
His saying: "And to relatives"
838 - I read to Muhammad ibn al-Fadl ibn Musa, Muhammad ibn 'Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Shaqiq narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Muzahim informed us, from Bukayr ibn Ma'ruf, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, regarding His saying: "And to relatives," meaning kinship.
His saying: "And the orphans"
839 - Al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq narrated to us, Ma'mar informed us, from Juwaybir, from al-Dahhak, from al-Nazzal ibn Sabrah, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, from the Prophet (peace be upon him) that he said: "There is no orphanhood after puberty."
840 - Muhammad ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Yazid al-Muqri' narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from Isma'il ibn Umayyah, from Sa'id al-Maqburi, from Yazid ibn al-Haram: Ibn 'Abbas was asked about the orphan, when does his orphanhood end? He said: "When maturity is perceived in him."
(1). Abu Dawud, Kitab al-Wasiyya, 4/293.
٨٣٤ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَوْلُهُ: وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلا اللَّهَ قَالَ: أَخَذَ مَوَاثِيقَهُمْ أَنْ يُخْلِصُوا لَهُ وَلا يَعْبُدُوا غَيْرَهُ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا إِلَى آخِرِ الآيَةِ.
٨٣٥ - أَخْبَرَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ ثنا زَيْدُ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ ثنا ابْنُ ثَوْرٍ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَالَ: الْمِيثَاقُ الَّذِي أُخِذَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي سُورَةِ الْمَائِدَةِ
قوله: لا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلا اللَّهَ
٨٣٦ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَوْلُهُ: لا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلا اللَّهَ لَا تَعْبُدُوا غَيْرَهُ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إِحْسَانًا وَذِي الْقُرْبَى
٨٣٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا صَفْوَانُ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ أَخْبَرَنِي بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ لَا تَعْبُدُونَ إِلَّا اللَّهَ وَبِالْوَالِدَيْنِ إحسانا وذي القربى واليتامى والمساكين قَالَ: فِيمَا أَمَرَكُمْ بِهِ مِنْ حَقِّ الْوَالِدَيْنِ، وَذِي الْقُرْبَى، وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينِ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَذِي الْقُرْبَى
٨٣٨ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ مُوسَى ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيِّ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ شَقِيقٍ، أَنْبَأَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ قَوْلُهُ: وَذِي الْقُرْبَى يَعْنِي الْقَرَابَةَ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَالْيَتَامَى
٨٣٩ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَنْبَأَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنْ جُوَيْبِرٍ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ عَنِ النَّزَّالِ بْنِ سَبْرَةَ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- أَنَّهُ قَالَ: لَا يُتْمَ بَعْدَ الْحُلُمَ «١» .
٨٤٠ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ يَزِيدَ المقري ثنا سُفْيَانُ عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ عَنْ يَزِيدَ بْنِ الْهَرِمِ سُئِلَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ عَنِ الْيَتِيمِ مَتَى يَنْقَضِي يُتْمُهُ، فقال: إذا أونس منه رشدا.
(١) . أبو داود كتاب الوصايا ٤/ ٢٩٣.