speech, you command the good and forbid the evil, and you are patient, pardon, and forgive, and you speak good to people as Allah has said, and it is every good character trait that Allah is pleased with.
The sixth interpretation:
847 - My father narrated to us, Shihab ibn 'Abbad narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn Humayd al-Razi narrated to us, from Isma'il ibn Abi Khalid: "And speak good to people," he said: This verse was commanded before the command to perform Jihad was revealed.
The seventh interpretation:
848 - My father narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Khalaf al-'Asqalani narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Yusuf (meaning) al-Thaqafi narrated to us, Khalid ibn Subayh narrated to us, from Humayd ibn 'Uqbah, from Asad ibn Wada'ah that he used to go out from his house and would not meet a Jew or a Christian without greeting him. It was said to him, "What is the matter with you, greeting a Jew and a Christian?" He replied: "Verily, Allah says: 'And speak good to people,' and it is the greeting of peace (salam)."
It was narrated from 'Ata' al-Khurasani similar to the statement of Asad ibn Wada'ah.
His saying: "And establish prayer and give zakah"
849 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Abi Ja'far narrated to us, from his father regarding His saying: "And establish prayer and give zakah," he said: Qatadah used to say: Two obligatory duties which are most beloved to Allah. Abu Muhammad said: The explanation of both has already been presented.
His saying: "Then you turned away, except a few of you, while you were refusing"
850 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said, Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr or 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas: "Then you turned away, except a few of you, while you were refusing," meaning: You abandoned all of that.
His saying: "While you were refusing"
851 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah regarding His saying: "Do not shed your own blood," he says: Some of you do not kill one another.
(1). Ibn Kathir said: Among the strange narrations is that which Ibn Abi Hatim mentioned in his Tafsir 1/172.
الْقَوْلِ تَأْمُرُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَتَنْهَى عَنِ الْمُنْكَرِ، وَتَحْلُمُ وتعفوا وَتَصْفَحُ، وَتَقُولُ لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ، وَهُوَ كُلُّ خُلُقٍ حَسَنٌ رَضِيَهُ اللَّهُ.
الْوَجْهُ السَّادِسُ:
٨٤٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا شِهَابُ بْنُ عَبَّادٍ ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ حميد الراسي عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ: وَقُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا قَالَ: هَذِهِ الآيَةُ أُمِرَ بِهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يُؤْمَرُ بِالْجِهَادِ.
الْوَجْهُ السَّابِعُ:
٨٤٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ الْعَسْقَلانِيُّ ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بن يوسف- يعني- الثيي ثنا خَالِدُ بْنُ صُبَيْحٍ عَنْ حُمَيْدِ بْنِ عُقْبَةَ عَنْ أَسَدِ بْنِ وَدَاعَةَ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ مَنْزِلِهِ فَلا يَلْقَى يَهُودِيًّا وَلا نَصْرَانِيًّا إِلا سَلَّمَ «١» عَلَيْهِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ مَا شَأْنُكَ تُسَلِّمُ عَلَى الْيَهُودِيِّ وَالنَّصْرَانِيِّ؟ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ يَقُولُ: وَقُولُوا لِلنَّاسِ حُسْنًا وَهُوَ السَّلامُ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ نَحْوُ قَوْلِ أَسَدِ بْنِ وَدَاعَةَ.
قَوْلُهُ وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ
٨٤٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَوْلُهُ: وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ: كان قتادة يقول: فريضتان واجبتان أوهما إِلَى اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُمَا.
قَوْلُهُ: ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ إِلا قَلِيلا مِنْكُمْ وأنتم معرضون
٨٥٠ - حدثنا محمد بن نحيى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، أَوْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ تَوَلَّيْتُمْ إِلا قَلِيلا مِنْكُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ أَيْ تَرَكْتُمْ ذَلِكَ كُلَّهُ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَأَنْتُمْ مُعْرِضُونَ
٨٥١ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: لا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَاءَكُمْ يَقُولُ: لا يقتل بعضكم بعضا.
(١) . قال ابن كثير: ومن النقول الغريبة منها ما ذكره ابن أبي حاتم في تفسيره ١/ ١٧٢.
