His saying: "And when We took your covenant: Do not shed your own blood."
852 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Hammad ibn Talhah narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: "And when We took your covenant: Do not shed your own blood," he said: Allah took a covenant from the Children of Israel in the Torah that some of them would not kill others. It was narrated from Qatadah and al-Rabi' ibn Anas similarly to the statement of Abu al-'Aliyah.
His saying: "And do not evict your own people from your homes"
853 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah regarding His saying: "And do not evict your own people from your homes," he says: Some of you do not evict others from their homes. It was the custom among the Children of Israel that when they overpowered a people, they would evict them from their homes. The covenant had been taken from them not to shed their blood and not to evict their own people from their homes. It was narrated from al-Hasan, al-Suddi, and Muqatil ibn Hayyan similar to the statement of the first up to the mention of the homes.
His saying: "Then you acknowledged, while you were witnessing"
854 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said, Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr or 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "Then you acknowledged, while you were witnessing," that this is a true part of My covenant upon you.
855 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah: "Then you acknowledged, while you were witnessing," he says: You acknowledged this covenant while you were present as witnesses.
His saying: "Then you are those who kill your own people"
856 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said, Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr or 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas: "Then you are those who kill your own people," meaning: The people of Shirk (polytheism), until they shed their blood with them.
857 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Hammad ibn Talhah narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: He said: The Qurayzah were allies of the Aws, and the Nadir were allies of the Khazraj. They used to fight each other in the War of Sumayr. The Banu Qurayzah would fight alongside their allies, the Nadir and their allies. The Nadir would fight the Qurayzah and their allies and they would prevail, so they would destroy their homes and evict them from them. When a man was taken captive from either of the two factions,
قوله تعالى: وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَكُمْ لَا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَاءكُمْ
٨٥٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: وَإِذْ أَخَذْنَا مِيثَاقَكُمْ لا تَسْفِكُونَ دِمَاءَكُمْ قَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهِ أَخَذَ عَلَى بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي التَّوْرَاةِ أَنْ لَا يَقْتُلَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ وَالرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ نَحْوُ قَوْلِ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَلا تُخْرِجُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ
٨٥٣ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَلا تُخْرِجُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ يَقُولُ: لَا يُخْرِجُ بَعْضُكُمْ بَعْضًا مِنَ الدِّيَارِ وَكَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إِذَا اسْتَضْعَفُوا قَوْمًا أَخْرَجُوهُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ، وَقَدْ أُخِذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْمِيثَاقُ أَنْ لَا يَسْفِكُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ وَلا يُخْرِجُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ مِنْ دِيَارِهِمْ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ وَالسُّدِّيِّ وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ نَحْوُ قَوْلِ الأَوَّلِ إِلَى ذِكْرِ الدِّيَارِ.
قوله: ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ
٨٥٤ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ نحيى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ أَوْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ:
ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ أَنَّ هَذَا حَقٌّ مِنْ مِيثَاقِي عَلَيْكُمْ.
٨٥٥ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ ثُمَّ أَقْرَرْتُمْ وَأَنْتُمْ تَشْهَدُونَ يَقُولُ: أَقْرَرْتُمْ بِهَذَا الْمِيثَاقِ وَأَنْتُمْ شُهُودٌ.
قَوْلُهُ: ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ هَؤُلاءِ تَقْتُلُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ
٨٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، أَوْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ثُمَّ أَنْتُمْ هَؤُلاءِ تَقْتُلُونَ أَنْفُسَكُمْ أَيْ أَهْلُ الشِّرْكِ حَتَّى يَسْفِكُوا دِمَاءَهُمْ مَعَهُمْ
٨٥٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: قَالَ:
فَكَانَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ حُلَفَاءَ الأَوْسِ، وَكَانَتِ النَّضِيرُ حُلَفَاءَ الْخَزْرَجِ، فَكَانُوا يَقْتَتِلُونَ فِي حَرْبٍ سُمَيْرٍ فَتُقَاتِلُ بنو قريظة مع حلفائها. النضير وحلفائهم. وَكَانَتِ النَّضِيرُ تُقَاتِلُ قُرَيْظَةَ وَحُلَفَاءَهَا وَيَغْلِبُونَ فَيُخَرِّبُونَ دِيَارَهُمْ وَيُخْرِجُونَهُمْ مِنْهَا فَإِذَا أُسِرَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الفريقين
