868 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid al-Narsi informed us, Yazid ibn Zuray' narrated to us, Sa'id ibn Abi 'Arubah narrated to us, from Qatadah regarding His saying: "And if they come to you as captives, you ransom them, while it is forbidden for you to evict them," he said: By Allah, their ransoming is faith, and their eviction is disbelief.
His saying: "Do you believe in part of the Book?"
869 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: "Do you believe in part of the Book?" He said: Their belief in part of the Book was when they ransomed the captives.
His saying: "And disbelieve in part [of it]"
870 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr or 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas: "Do you believe in part of the Book and disbelieve in part?" [Meaning:] Do you ransom them, being believers in that [command], and evict them, being disbelievers in that? "So what is the recompense of those among you who do that, except disgrace in the life of this world; and on the Day of Resurrection, they will be returned to the most severe of punishment. And Allah is not unaware of what you do." Allah says when He informed them of that: "Do you believe in part of the Book and disbelieve in part?" That is, you ransom him by the ruling of the Torah, and you kill him—while the ruling of the Torah is that you should not do so—and you evict him from his home, and you aid against him those who associate partners with Allah and worship idols besides Him in pursuit of worldly goods. This incident was revealed regarding their actions with the Aws and the Khazraj.
871 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Hammad ibn Talhah narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: "Do you believe in part of the Book and disbelieve in part?" Their belief in part of the Book was when they ransomed the captives, and their disbelief was when some of them killed others. "So what is the recompense of those among you who do that, except disgrace in the life of this world."
872 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah, he said: They believed in part of the Book and disbelieved in part. They believed in the ransom, so they ransomed; and they disbelieved in the eviction from homes, so they evicted.
(1). Thus it is in the original. (2). Addition from Ibn Hisham 2/188.
٨٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ النَّرْسِيُّ ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ أَبِي عَرُوبَةَ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَوْلُهُ: وَإِنْ يَأْتُوكُمْ أُسَارَى تُفَادُوهُمْ وَهُوَ مُحَرَّمٌ عَلَيْكُمْ إِخْرَاجُهُمْ قَالَ: وَاللَّهِ إِنَّ فِدَاءَهُمْ لإِيمَانٌ، وَإِنَّ إِخْرَاجَهُمْ لَكُفْرٌ.
قوله: أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ
٨٦٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ: كَانَ إِيمَانُهُمْ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ حِينَ فَدَوَا الأُسَارَى
قوله: وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ
٨٧٠ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، أَوْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ:
أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ أَتُفَادُونَهُمْ مُؤْمِنِينَ بِذَلِكَ وَتُخْرِجُونَهُمْ كُفْرًا بِذَلِكَ فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ مِنْكُمْ إِلَّا خِزْيٌ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا وَيَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ يُرَدُّونَ إِلَى أَشَدِّ الْعَذَابِ وَمَا اللَّهُ بِغَافِلٍ عَمَّا تَعْمَلُونَ يقول الله حين أنبائهم «١» بِذَلِكَ:
أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ أَيْ تُفَادِيهِ بِحُكْمِ التَّوْرَاةِ، وَتَقْتُلُهُ. وَفِي حُكْمِ التَّوْرَاةِ أَلا تَفْعَلَ «٢» وَتُخْرِجُهُ مِنْ دَارِهِ، وَتُظَاهِرُ عَلَيْهِ مَنْ يُشْرِكُ بِاللَّهِ وَيَعْبُدُ الأَوْثَانَ مِنْ دُونِهِ ابْتِغَاءَ عَرَضِ الدُّنْيَا، فَفِي ذَلِكَ مِنْ فِعْلِهِمْ مَعَ الأَوْسِ وَالْخَزْرَجِ نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْقِصَّةُ.
٨٧١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ بْنِ طَلْحَةَ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: أَفَتُؤْمِنُونَ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ وَتَكْفُرُونَ بِبَعْضٍ فَكَانَ إِيمَانُهُمْ بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ حِينَ فَدَوَا الأُسَارَى وَكُفْرُهُمْ حِينَ قَتَلَ بَعْضُهُمْ بَعْضًا: فَمَا جَزَاءُ مَنْ يَفْعَلُ ذَلِكَ مِنْكُمْ إِلا خِزْيٌ فِي الْحَيَاةِ الدُّنْيَا
٨٧٢ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ ثنا آدَمُ ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ قَالَ:
فَآمَنُوا بِبَعْضِ الْكِتَابِ وَكَفَرُوا بِبَعْضٍ، آمَنُوا بِالْفِدْيَةِ فَفَدَوْا وَكَفَرُوا بِالْإِخْرَاجِ مِنَ الدِّيَارِ فَأَخْرَجُوا.
(١) . كذا في الأصل.(٢) . إضافة عن ابن هشام ٢/ ١٨٨.