The Second Aspect:
1162 - My father narrated to us, Abu Shurayk Yahya ibn al-Muradi narrated to us, Ya'qub ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, [who] said: I asked Zayd ibn Aslam about this verse: "Those to whom We have given the Book, they recite it with its true recitation, those believe in it," he said: They speak it as it was revealed and they do not conceal it.
1163 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Safwan ibn Salih narrated to us, al-Walid narrated to us, Bukayr ibn Ma'ruf informed me, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, regarding "then it is those who are the losers," he said: In the Hereafter.
His saying: "O Children of Israel," to His saying: "the worlds."
Its explanation has preceded.
His saying: "And fear a Day [when] no soul will suffice for another soul at all, nor will any compensation be accepted from it," to His saying: "they will be helped."
1164 - My father narrated to us, Sa'id ibn al-Hakam ibn Abi Maryam al-Juhani narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn al-Munib informed me, [who] said: I heard someone narrating from Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib that he was asked about al-'adl (the compensation/justice). He said: Al-'adl is the obligatory duty; what Allah has obligated upon His creation. Its explanation has already preceded.
His saying: "And when his Lord tested Abraham with words."
The people of exegesis differed regarding this into several views.
[The First View]
As for the first of them:
1165 - What al-Hasan ibn Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us, Ma'mar informed us, from Ibn Tawus, from his father, from Ibn 'Abbas: "And when his Lord tested Abraham with words," he said: Allah tested him with purification: five in the head and five in the body. In the head: trimming the mustache, rinsing the mouth, inhaling water (istinshaq), the siwak, and parting the hair. In the body: clipping the nails, shaving the pubic hair, plucking the underarm hair, and washing the trace of stool and urine with water. It was narrated from Abu Salih, Abu al-Jald, Mujahid, Sa'id ibn al-Musayyib, al-Nakha'i, and al-Sha'bi similarly. And another saying was narrated from Ibn 'Abbas, which is [as follows].
(1). Al-Tafsir 1/46.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
١١٦٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو شَرِيكٍ نحيى بن الْمُرَادِيِّ ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ زَيْدَ بْنَ أَسْلَمَ عَنْ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ: الَّذِينَ آتَيْنَاهُمُ الْكِتَابَ يَتْلُونَهُ حَقَّ تِلَاوَتِهِ أُولَئِكَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِهِ قَالَ: يَتَكَلَّمُونَ بِهِ كَمَا أُنْزِلَ وَلا يَكْتُمُونَهُ.
١١٦٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا صَفْوَانُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ ثنا الْوَلِيدُ أَخْبَرَنِي بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ فأولئك هم الخاسرون قَالَ: فِي الْآخِرَةِ.
قَوْلُهُ: يَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ إلى قوله: العالمين
تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُ:
قَوْلُهُ: وَاتَّقُوا يَوْمًا لَا تَجْزِي نَفْسٌ عَنْ نَفْسٍ شَيْئًا وَلا يُقْبَلُ مِنْهَا عدل إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: ينصرون
١١٦٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ الْحَكَمِ بْنِ أَبِي مَرْيَمَ الْجُهَنِيُّ أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُنِيبِ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ مَنْ يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنِ الْعَدْلِ. فَقَالَ:
الْعَدْلُ الْفَرِيضَةُ مَا افْتَرَضَ اللَّهُ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ.
وَقَدْ تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَإِذِ ابْتَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ
اخْتَلَفَ أَهْلُ التَّفْسِيرِ فِي ذَلِكَ عَلَى أَقْوَالٍ.
[القول الأول]
فَأَحَدُهَا:
١١٦٥ - مَا حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ «١» أَنْبَأَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ ابْنِ طَاوُسَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: وَإِذِ ابْتَلَى إِبْرَاهِيمَ رَبُّهُ بِكَلِمَاتٍ قَالَ: ابْتَلاهُ اللَّهُ بِالطَّهَارَةِ خَمْسٌ فِي الرَّأْسِ، وَخَمْسٌ فِي الْجَسَدِ. فِي الرَّأْسِ. قَصُّ الشَّارِبِ، وَالْمَضْمَضَةُ، وَالاسْتِنْشَاقُ وَالسِّوَاكُ وَفَرْقُ الرَّأْسِ، وَفِي الْجَسَدِ تَقْلِيمُ الأَظَافِرِ، وَحَلْقُ العانة، ونتف الإبط، وغسل أثر الغائط البول بالماء. وروى عن أبى صالحك وَأَبِي الْجَلْدِ وَمُجَاهِدٍ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ الْمُسَيِّبِ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قول آخر وهو.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٤٦.
