ibn al-Mughirah, from 'Abbad ibn Mansur, from al-Hasan, regarding His saying: "Forbidden to you are dead animals, blood, and the flesh of swine." He said: Yes, Allah has forbidden dead animals, blood, and the flesh of swine.
His saying: "And that which has been dedicated to other than Allah."
[The First Perspective]
1518 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from al-Rabi', from Abu al-'Aliyah: "And that which has been dedicated to other than Allah," he says: That over which a name other than Allah's has been mentioned. It is reported from al-Rabi' something similar.
The Second Perspective:
1519 - My father narrated to us, Abu Hudhayfah narrated to us, Shibl narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid: "And that which has been dedicated to other than Allah," he said: That which has been slaughtered for other than Allah. It is reported from al-Hasan, Qatadah, al-Dahhak, and al-Zuhri something similar.
His saying: "But if one is forced by necessity..."
[The First Perspective]
1520 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas: "But if one is forced by necessity," meaning: to something from among that which has been forbidden, "without being disobedient nor transgressing," he says: Whoever eats something of this while he is forced by necessity, there is no sin upon him; but whoever eats it while he is not forced, he has indeed disobeyed and transgressed.
1521 - Muhammad ibn Hammad al-Tahrani narrated to me, Hafs ibn 'Umar informed us, al-Hakam ibn Aban narrated to us, from 'Ikrimah: He said: Ibn 'Abbas [said regarding] His saying: "But if one is forced by necessity, let him eat from it the amount that suffices him, and let him not satisfy his hunger with it."
1522 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Abu Khalid—meaning: al-Ahmar—narrated to us, from al-Hajjaj, from al-Qasim—meaning: Ibn Abi Bazzah—from Mujahid: "Without being disobedient (baghin)," he said: The baghi (disobedient one) is the one who rebels against the Imams.
1523 - My father narrated to us, Abu Hudhayfah narrated to us, Shibl narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid: "But if one is forced by necessity, without being disobedient nor transgressing," if he is a highway robber, or one who separates from the Imams, or one who goes out in disobedience to Allah, he is not granted the concession. Whoever goes out as a rebel, or a transgressor, or in disobedience to Allah, there is no concession for him even if he is forced by necessity to it.
(1). Al-Hakim 2/272, Kitab al-Tafsir.
بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: حُرِّمَتْ عَلَيْكُمُ الْمَيْتَةُ وَالدَّمُ وَلَحْمُ الْخِنْزِيرِ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ، حَرَّمَ اللَّهُ الْمَيْتَةَ وَالدَّمَ وَلَحْمَ الْخِنْزِيرِ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَمَا أُهِلَّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ
[الوجه الأَوَّلِ]
١٥١٨ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ: وَمَا أُهِلُّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: مَا ذُكِرَ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرُ اسْمِ اللَّهِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
١٥١٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا شِبْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ:
وَمَا أُهِلَّ بِهِ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: مَا ذُبِحَ لِغَيْرِ اللَّهِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، وَقَتَادَةَ، وَالضَّحَّاكِ وَالزُّهْرِيِّ، نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ: فمن اضطر
[الوجه الأول]
١٥٢٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ يَعْنِي: إِلَى شَيْءٍ مِمَّا حُرِّمَ غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلا عَادٍ، يَقُولُ: مَنْ أَكَلَ شَيْئًا مِنْ هَذِهِ وَهُوَ مُضْطَرٌّ، فَلا حَرَجَ وَمَنْ أَكَلَهُ وَهُوَ غَيْرُ مُضْطَرٍّ فَقَدْ بَغَى وَاعْتَدَى.
١٥٢١ - حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ الطِّهْرَانِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ حَفْصُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، ثنا الْحَكَمُ بْنُ أَبَانَ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ: قَالَ: ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ، قَوْلُهُ: فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ فَلْيَأْكُلْ مِنْهُ الشَّيْءَ قَدْرَ مَا يَسُرُّهُ وَلا يَشْبَعْ مِنْهُ.
١٥٢٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو خَالِدٍ يَعْنِي الْأَحْمَرَ، عَنِ الْحَجَّاجِ عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ يَعْنِي: ابْنَ أَبِي بَزَّةَ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: غَيْرَ بَاغٍ قَالَ: الْبَاغِ الْبَاغِي عَلَى الأَئِمَّةِ.
١٥٢٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا شِبْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ «١» ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فَمَنِ اضْطُرَّ غَيْرَ بَاغٍ وَلا عَادٍ قَاطِعًا لِلسَّبِيلِ أَوْ مُفَارِقًا لِلأَئِمَّةِ، أَوْ خَارِجًا فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، فَلَهُ الرُّخْصَةُ. وَمَنْ خَرَجَ بَاغِيًا أَوْ عَادِيًا أَوْ فِي مَعْصِيَةِ اللَّهِ، فلا رخصة له وإن اضطر إليه.
(١) . الحاكم ٢/ ٢٧٢ كتاب التفسير.
