1626 - Al-Hasan ibn Ahmad narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Bashshar narrated to us, Surur ibn al-Mughirah narrated to me, from ‘Abbad ibn Mansur, from al-Hasan, regarding His saying: "O you who have believed, fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you that you may become righteous [al-muttaqun]. [Fasting for] a limited number of days"—he said: Yes, by Allah, He indeed prescribed fasting for every nation that has passed just as He prescribed it for us, a full month and a limited number of days, a known count. Similar to this was reported from al-Suddi.
And the Third Aspect:
That their fasting was from the 'atama (the nightfall prayer time) to the 'atama.
1627 - My father narrated to me, ‘Isa ibn Ziyad al-Razi narrated to us, Yahya ibn al-Durays narrated to us, Abu Ja’far al-Razi narrated to us, from al-Rabi’ ibn Anas, from whoever narrated to him, from Ibn ‘Umar, who said: "Fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you" was revealed; it was prescribed for them that if one of them prayed the 'atama and slept, food, drink, and women were forbidden to him until the same time the next day. Similar to this was reported from Ibn ‘Abbas, Abu al-‘Aliyah, ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Layla, Mujahid, Sa’id ibn Jubayr, Muqatil ibn Hayyan, al-Rabi’ ibn Anas, and ‘Ata’ al-Khurasani.
His saying: "upon those before you"
1628 - Al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabbah narrated to us, Hajjaj narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj and ‘Uthman ibn ‘Ata’, from his father, from Ibn ‘Abbas regarding His saying: "Fasting has been prescribed for you as it was prescribed for those before you"—meaning by that, the People of the Scripture. Similar to this was reported from ‘Ata’ al-Khurasani, al-Sha’bi, and al-Suddi.
His saying: "that you may become righteous [al-muttaqun]"
1629 - Abu Zur’ah narrated to us, ‘Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi regarding His saying: "that you may become righteous [al-muttaqun]"—he says: So that you may refrain from food, drink, and women just as they refrained. Similar to this was reported from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, and in it there is an addition: "You refrain from food, drink, and intercourse after sleep, or after the 'Isha' al-Akhirah (the last evening prayer)."
His saying: "a limited number of days"
[The First Aspect]
1630 - My father narrated to me, Abu Hudhayfah narrated to us, Shibl narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from ‘Ata’
(1). Tafsir Mujahid 1/96.
١٦٢٦ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سُرُورُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، قَوْلُهُ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ. أَيَّامًا مَعْدُودَاتٍ فَقَالَ: نَعَمْ وَاللَّهِ، لَقَدْ كَتَبَ الصِّيَامَ عَلَى كُلِّ أُمَّةٍ خَلَتْ كَمَا كَتَبَهُ عَلَيْنَا، شَهْرًا كَامِلا وَأَيَّامًا مَعْدُودَاتٍ عَدَدًا مَعْلُومًا. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالوجه الثَّالِثُ
أَنَّ صِيَامَهُمْ كَانَ مِنَ الْعَتَمَةِ إِلَى الْعَتَمَةِ [١٦٢٧]
حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا عِيسَى بْنُ زِيَادٍ الرَّازِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الضُّرَيْسِ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ الرَّازِيُّ، عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ مَنْ حَدَّثَهُ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ قَالَ: أُنْزِلَتْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الصِّيَامُ كَمَا كُتِبَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمْ أَنَّ أَحَدَهُمُ إِذَا صَلَّى عَلَى الْعَتَمَةِ وَنَامَ، حُرِّمَ عَلَيْهِ الطَّعَامُ وَالشَّرَابُ وَالنِّسَاءُ إِلَى مِثْلِهَا وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَأَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ وَعَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَمُجَاهِدٍ «١» وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ وَالرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ وَعَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ، نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ: عَلَى الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ
١٦٢٨ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ، ثنا حجاج، عن ابن جريج وعثمان ابن عَطَاءٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: كتب عليكم الصيام كما كتب على الَّذِينَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ يَعْنِي بِذَلِكَ أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنْ عَطَاءٍ الْخُرَاسَانِيِّ وَالشَّعْبِيِّ وَالسُّدِّيِّ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ: لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ
١٦٢٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ فِي قَوْلِهِ:
لَعَلَّكُمْ تَتَّقُونَ يَقُولُ: فَتَتَّقُونَ مِنَ الطَّعَامِ وَالشَّرَابِ وَالنِّسَاءِ مِثْلَ مَا اتَّقَوْا
، وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ، وَفِيهِ زِيَادَةٌ: تَتَّقُونَ الطَّعَامَ وَالشَّرَابَ وَالْجِمَاعَ بَعْدَ النَّوْمِ، أَوْ بَعْدَ عِشَاءِ الآخِرَةِ.
قوله: أَيَّامًا معدودات
[الوجه الأول]
١٦٣٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا شِبْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ عطاء
(١) . تفسير مجاهد ١/ ٩٦.
