[His saying: "Allah has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing"]
94 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan Muhammad ibn 'Amr Zunayj informed us, Salamah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq who said regarding what Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad, the freed slave of Zayd ibn Thabit, narrated to me, from 'Ikrimah or Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "Allah has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing, and over their vision is a veil," meaning from guidance, that they should ever attain it, other than what they denied you of the truth that came to you from your Lord, until they believe in it, even if they believed in everything that was before you. And for them, because of what they are upon of opposing you, is a great punishment. This pertains to the learned men (ahbar) among the Jews regarding what they denied of the truth after knowing it.
95 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr ibn Hammad narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: "Allah has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing," he says: So they do not hear and they do not understand.
96 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Jahdam narrated to us, Abu Ma'shar narrated to us, from Sa'id al-Maqburi who said: "Allah has set a seal upon their hearts" with disbelief.
97 - Musa ibn Abi Musa al-Ansari narrated to us, Harun ibn Hatim narrated to us, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Abi Hammad narrated to us, from Asbat, from al-Suddi, from Abu Malik regarding "Allah has set a seal," meaning: Allah has stamped.
98 - Musa ibn Harun al-Tusi informed us in what he wrote to me, al-Husayn ibn Muhammad al-Marwudhi narrated to us, Shayban ibn 'Abd al-Rahman—meaning the grammarian—narrated to us, from Qatadah who said: Satan has gained mastery over them when they obeyed him, so "Allah has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing, and over their vision is a veil," so they do not see guidance, nor do they hear, nor do they understand, nor do they reason.
99 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Hasan narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Hatim al-Harawi narrated to us, al-Hajjaj ibn Muhammad informed us, from Ibn Jurayj, from Mujahid regarding: "Allah has set a seal upon their hearts," he said: The stamp (tab') is that sins become fixed upon the heart, surrounding it from all its sides until they meet upon it; their meeting upon it is the stamp, and the stamp is the seal (khatm).
His saying: "And over their vision is a veil"
100 - Muhammad ibn Sa'd ibn Muhammad ibn al-Hasan ibn 'Atiyyah al-'Awfi informed us in what he wrote to me...
(1) Ahmad Shakir said: This chain of transmission is composed of weak narrators from the same family, and it is known among scholars by the Tafsir of al-'Awfi, number 305.
[قوله: ختم الله على قلوبهم وعلى سمعهم]
٩٤ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو زُنَيْجٌ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ قَالَ فِيمَا حَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٌ مَوْلَى زَيْدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ أَوْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: قَوْلُهُ: خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَعَلَى سَمْعِهِمْ وَعَلَى أَبْصَارِهِمْ غِشَاوَةٌ أَيْ عَنِ الْهُدَى أَنْ يُصِيبُوهُ أَبَدًا بِغَيْرِ مَا كَذَّبُوكَ بِهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ الَّذِي جَاءَكَ مِنْ رَبِّكَ حَتَّى يُؤْمِنُوا بِهِ وَإِنْ آمَنُوا بِكُلِّ مَا كَانَ قَبْلَكَ، وَلَهُمْ بِمَا هُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خِلافِكَ عَذَابٌ عَظِيمٌ. فَهَذَا فِي الأَحْبَارِ مِنْ يَهُودَ فِيمَا كَذَّبُوا بِهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بَعْدَ مَعْرِفَتِهِ.
٩٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَعَلَى سَمْعِهِمْ يَقُولُ: فَلا يَسْمَعُونَ وَلا يَعْقِلُونَ.
٩٦ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَهْضَمٍ، ثنا أَبُو مَعْشَرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ الْمَقْبُرِيِّ قَالَ: خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ بِالْكُفْرِ.
٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ أَبِي مُوسَى الأَنْصَارِيُّ، ثنا هَارُونُ بْنُ حَاتِمٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ ابْنُ أَبِي حَمَّادٍ، عَنْ أَسْبَاطٍ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ: خَتَمَ اللَّهُ يَعْنِي طَبَعَ اللَّهُ.
٩٨ - أَخْبَرَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ هَارُونَ الطُّوسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرُّوذِيُّ، ثنا شَيْبَانُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنْ- يعْنِي النَّحْوِيَّ- عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَالَ: اسْتَحْوَذَ عَلَيْهِمُ الشيطان إذ أطاعوه، ف خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ وَعَلَى سَمِعِهِمْ وَعَلَى أَبْصَارِهِمْ غِشَاوَةٌ، فَهُمْ لَا يُبْصِرُونَ هُدًى، وَلا يَسْمَعُونَ وَلا يَفْقَهُونَ، وَلا يَعْقِلُونَ.
٩٩ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ الْهَرَوِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: خَتَمَ اللَّهُ عَلَى قُلُوبِهِمْ قَالَ:
الطَّبْعُ ثَبَتَتِ الذُّنُوبُ عَلَى الْقَلْبِ تَحُفُّ بِهِ مِنْ كُلِّ نَوَاحِيهِ حَتَّى تَلْتَقِيَ عَلَيْهِ. فَالْتِقَاؤُهَا عَلَيْهِ الطَّبْعُ. وَالطَّبْعُ الْخَتْمُ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَعَلَى أَبْصَارِهِمْ غِشَاوَةٌ
١٠٠ - أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْحَسَنِ بْنِ عَطِيَّةَ العوفي «١» فيما كتب
(١) . قال أحمد شاكر: إن هذا الإسناد مسلسل بالضعفاء من أسرة واحدة، وهو معروف عند العلماء بتفسير العوفي رقم ٣٠٥.
