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Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim
Volume 1 · Page 313His saying: 'And righteousness is not that you enter houses from their backs'

Translation · EN

His saying: "And it is not righteousness that you enter houses from their backs."

[The first interpretation]

1709 - Yunus ibn Habib narrated to us, Abu Dawud narrated to us, Shu‘bah narrated to us, from Abu Ishaq, from al-Bara’ who said: When the Ansar returned from a journey, a man would not enter from the direction of his door. Then this verse was revealed: "And it is not righteousness that you enter houses from their backs, but righteousness is [for] one who fears Allah, and enter houses from their doors."

And the second interpretation:

1710 - Ahmad ibn Mansur al-Ramadi narrated to us, Abu al-Jawwab narrated to us, from ‘Ammar ibn Ruzayq, from Sulayman al-A‘mash, from Abu Sufyan, from Jabir who said: The Quraysh were called the Hums; they used to enter from the doors while in a state of Ihram, whereas the Ansar and the rest of the Arabs would not enter from a door while in a state of Ihram. While the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) was in a garden, he went out through its door, and Qutbah ibn ‘Amir al-Ansari went out with him. They said, "O Messenger of Allah, Qutbah ibn ‘Amir is an evildoer, yet he has gone out with you through the door." They said to him, "What prompted you to do what you did?" He said, "I saw you do it, so I did it as you did." He said, "I am a Hums [person]." He said to him, "My religion is your religion." Then Allah revealed: "And it is not righteousness that you enter houses from their backs, but righteousness is [for] one who fears Allah, and enter houses from their doors."

1711 - Muhammad ibn Sa‘d al-‘Awfi reported to us in what he wrote to me, my father narrated to me, my uncle al-Husayn narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ibn ‘Abbas, regarding His saying: "And it is not righteousness that you enter houses from their backs, but righteousness is [for] one who fears Allah, and enter houses from their doors." Men of the people of Medina, when one of them feared something from his enemy, would enter into a state of Ihram so as to be safe. When he was in a state of Ihram, he would not enter from the door of his house, but would make a hole from the back of his house. When the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) came to Medina, there was a man in that state of Ihram. The people of Medina used to call the garden "al-Hush." The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) entered a garden, and he entered it through its door, and that man in Ihram entered with him. A man called out to him from behind, "O so-and-so, you are in a state of Ihram and have entered with the people." He said, "O Messenger of Allah, if you are in a state of Ihram, then I am in a state of Ihram, and if you are a Hums, then I am a Hums." Then this verse was revealed: "And it is not righteousness that you enter houses from their backs."

The third interpretation:

1712 - al-Hasan ibn Ahmad narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Bashshar narrated to us, Surur ibn al-Mughirah narrated to me, from ‘Abbad ibn Mansur, from al-Hasan, regarding His saying: "And it is not righteousness that you enter houses from..."

Arabic (Source)

قَوْلُهُ: وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ ظهورها

[الوجه الأول]

١٧٠٩ - حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ الْبَرَاءِ قَالَ: كَانَتِ الأَنْصَارُ إِذَا قَدِمُوا مِنْ سَفَرٍ، لَمْ يَدْخُلِ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ قِبَلِ بَابِهِ، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا وَلَكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنِ اتَّقَى وَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِهَا

وَالوجه الثَّانِي:

١٧١٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ الرَّمَادِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْجَوَّابِ، عَنْ عَمَّارِ بْنِ رُزَيْقٍ، عَنْ سُلَيْمَانَ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ قَالَ: كَانَتْ قُرَيْشٌ تُدْعَى الْحُمْسَ، فَكَانُوا يَدْخُلُونَ مِنَ الأَبَوَابِ فِي الإِحْرَامِ وَكَانَتِ الأَنْصَارُ وَسَائِرُ الْعَرَبِ لَا يَدْخُلُونَ مِنْ بَابٍ فِي الإِحْرَامِ فَبَيْنَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي بُسْتَانٍ، إِذْ خَرَجَ مِنْ بَابِهِ وَخَرَجَ مَعَهُ قُطْبَةُ بْنُ عَامِرٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ فَقَالُوا يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ: إِنَّ قُطْبَةَ بْنَ عَامِرٍ رَجُلٌ فَاجِرٌ، وَإِنَّهُ خَرَجَ مَعَكَ مِنَ الْبَابِ، فَقَالُوا لَهُ: مَا حَمَلَكَ عَلَى مَا صَنَعْتَ؟ قَالَ: رَأَيْتُكَ فَعَلْتَهُ فَفَعَلْتُهُ كَمَا فَعَلْتَ. قَالَ: إِنِّي أَحْمَسُ. قَالَ لَهُ: فَإِنَّ دِينِي دِينُكَ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ: وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا وَلَكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنِ اتَّقَى وَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ أَبْوَابِهَا.

١٧١١ - أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعْدٍ الْعَوْفِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا عَمِّي الْحُسَيْنُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَوْلُهُ: وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا وَلَكِنَّ الْبِرَّ مَنِ اتَّقَى وَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ أبوابها وَإِنَّ رِجَالا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ كَانُوا إِذَا خَافَ أَحَدُهُمْ مِنْ عَدُوِّهِ شَيْئًا، أَحْرَمَ فَأَمِنَ. فَإِذَا أَحْرَمَ لَمْ يَلِجْ مِنْ بَابِ بَيْتِهِ، وَاتَّخَذَ نَقْبًا مِنْ ظَهْرِ بَيْتِهِ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْمَدِينَةَ كَانَ بِهَا رَجُلٌ مُحْرِمٌ كَذَلِكَ- وَإِنَّ أَهْلَ الْمَدِينَةِ كَانُوا يُسَمُّونَ الْبُسْتَانَ «الْحُشَّ» وَإِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ دَخَلَ بُسْتَانًا، فَدَخَلَهُ مِنْ بَابِهِ، وَدَخَلَ مَعَهُ ذَلِكَ الْمُحْرِمُ فَنَادَاهُ رَجُلٌ مِنْ وَرَائِهِ: يَا فُلانُ إِنَّكَ مُحْرِمٌ وَقَدْ دَخَلْتَ مَع النَّاسِ فَقَالَ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنْ كُنْتَ مُحْرِمًا فَأَنَا مُحْرِمٌ، وإن كنت أحمسا فَأَنَا أَحْمَسُ، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهَا.

الْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:

١٧١٢ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سُرُورُ ابن الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَوْلُهُ: وَلَيْسَ الْبِرُّ بِأَنْ تَأْتُوا الْبُيُوتَ مِنْ

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