1724 - Al-Husayn ibn al-Sakan narrated to us, Abu Zayd al-Nahwi narrated to us, Qays narrated to us, from ‘Asim, from al-Hasan, regarding the saying of Allah: "And do not transgress. Indeed, Allah does not love the transgressors," he said: [It means] that you commit what you have been forbidden from.
His saying: "And kill them wherever you find them, and drive them out from where they drove you out"
1725 - Al-Hasan ibn Ahmad narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn ‘Abd Allah ibn Bashar narrated to us, Surur ibn al-Mughirah narrated to me, from ‘Abbad ibn Mansur, from al-Hasan, regarding His saying: "And kill them wherever you find them, and drive them out from where they drove you out," he said: Allah meant by this the polytheists.
His saying: "And fitnah (disbelief) is more severe than killing"
1726 - ‘Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, from Abu Ja‘far, from al-Rabi‘, from Abu al-‘Aliyah, regarding His saying: "And fitnah is more severe than killing," he says: Polytheism is more severe than killing. It was narrated from Mujahid(1), Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, ‘Ikrimah, al-Hasan, Abu Malik, Qatadah, al-Dahhak, and al-Rabi‘ ibn Anas something similar.
His saying: "More severe than killing"
1727 - My father narrated to us, Yahya ibn al-Mughirah narrated to us, Jarir informed us, from Husayn, from Abu Malik, regarding "And fitnah is more severe than killing," he said: The fitnah that you are persisting in is greater than killing.
His saying: "And do not fight them at the Sacred Mosque until they fight you therein"
Allah commanded His Prophet not to fight them at the Sacred Mosque unless they initiate fighting therein. Then this verse was abrogated in [Surah] Bara’ah: "And when the sacred months have passed, then kill the polytheists wherever you find them, and capture them, and besiege them, and sit in wait for them at every place of ambush."
His saying: "The Sacred Mosque"
1728 - I read to Muhammad ibn al-Fadl ibn Musa, Muhammad ibn ‘Ali ibn al-Hasan ibn Shaqiq narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Muzahim narrated to us, Bukayr ibn Ma‘ruf narrated to us, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, regarding "And do not fight them at the Sacred Mosque," meaning: the Haram (Sanctuary).
(1). Tafsir Mujahid 1/98.
١٧٢٤ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ السَّكَنِ، ثنا أَبُو زَيْدٍ النَّحْوِيُّ، ثنا قَيْسٌ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: وَلا تَعْتَدُوا إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يُحِبُّ الْمُعْتَدِينَ قَالَ: أَنْ تَأْتُوا مَا نُهِيتُمْ، عَنْهُ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأَخْرِجُوهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخْرَجُوكُمْ
١٧٢٥ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنِي سُرُورُ بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، عَنْ عَبَّادِ بْنِ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَاقْتُلُوهُمْ حَيْثُ ثَقِفْتُمُوهُمْ وَأَخْرِجُوهُمْ مِنْ حَيْثُ أَخْرَجُوكُمْ قَالَ:، عَنَى اللَّهُ بِهَذَا الْمُشْرِكِينَ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَالْفِتْنَةُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ
١٧٢٦ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ، ثنا آدَمُ، عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ، عَنِ الرَّبِيعِ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ، قَوْلُهُ: وَالْفِتْنَةُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ يَقُولُ: الشِّرْكُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ. وَرُوِيَ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١» وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ وَعِكْرِمَةَ وَالْحَسَنِ وَأَبِي مَالِكٍ وَقَتَادَةَ وَالضَّحَّاكِ وَالرَّبِيعِ بْنِ أَنَسٍ، نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
قَوْلُهُ: أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ
١٧٢٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، أَنْبَأَ جَرِيرٌ عَنْ حُصَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مَالِكٍ وَالْفِتْنَةُ أَشَدُّ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ قَالَ: الْفِتْنَةُ الَّتِي أَنْتُمْ مُقِيمُونَ عَلَيْهَا أَكْبَرُ مِنَ الْقَتْلِ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَلَا تُقَاتِلُوهُمْ، عِندَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ حَتَّى يُقَاتِلُوكُمْ فيه
فَأَمَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ أَلَّا يُقَاتِلُوهُمْ، عِنْدَ الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ إِلَّا أَنْ يُبْدَوْا فِيهِ بِقِتَالٍ، ثُمَّ نَسْخَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ فِي بَرَاءَةٌ فَإِذَا انْسَلَخَ الأَشْهُرُ الْحُرُمُ فَاقْتُلُوا الْمُشْرِكِينَ حَيْثُ وَجَدْتُمُوهُمْ وَخُذُوهُمْ وَاحْصُرُوهُمْ وَاقْعُدُوا لَهُمْ كُلَّ مَرْصَدٍ
قَوْلُهُ: الْمَسْجِدِ الْحَرَامِ
١٧٢٨ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ بْنِ مُوسَى، ثنا محمد بن علي بن الحسن ابن شَقِيقٍ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ، ثنا بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ، عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ وَلا تقاتلوهم، عند المسجد الحرام يعني: الحرم.
(١) . تفسير مجاهد ١/ ٩٨.
