His saying, the Almighty: "O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information."
18608 - Muhammad ibn Sabiq told us, Isa ibn Dinar told us, my father told me that he heard al-Harith ibn Dirar al-Khuza'i saying: I came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), and he invited me to Islam, so I entered it and affirmed it. He invited me to zakat, and I affirmed it. I said: "O Messenger of Allah, I shall return to them and invite them to Islam and the payment of zakat; whoever responds to me, I shall collect his zakat, and let the Messenger of Allah send a messenger to me at such-and-such a time so that what I have collected of zakat may come to you."
When al-Harith had collected the zakat from those who had responded to him and the time arrived that the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) intended to send a messenger to him, the messenger was delayed and did not come. Al-Harith thought that there had occurred some displeasure from Allah and His Messenger toward him. So he summoned the leaders of his people and said to them: "The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) had appointed a time for me to send his messenger to collect the zakat I had, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) does not break his promise. I do not see that he delayed his messenger except because of some displeasure that occurred. So depart with me so that we may go to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace)."
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) had sent al-Walid ibn 'Uqbah to al-Harith to collect what he had of the zakat he had gathered. When al-Walid traveled and reached part of the way, he became fearful and returned. He came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, al-Harith withheld the zakat from me and wanted to kill me." So the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) prepared a military force against al-Harith. Al-Harith and his companions approached, and when he met the force while having departed from Medina, al-Harith met them. They said: "This is al-Harith." When he reached them, he asked them: "To whom were you sent?" They said: "To you." He said: "Why?" They said: "The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) had sent al-Walid ibn 'Uqbah to you, and he claimed that you withheld the zakat from him and wanted to kill him." He said: "No, by the One who sent Muhammad with the truth, I have never seen him, nor did he come to me." When al-Harith entered upon the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), he said: "You withheld the zakat and wanted to kill my messenger?" He said: "No, by the One who sent you with the truth, I have not seen him, nor did he come to me, and I only came when the messenger of the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) was delayed for me, for I feared there might be some displeasure from Allah and His Messenger." He said: Then [the verses of] Al-Hujurat were revealed: "O you who have believed, if there comes to you a disobedient one with information" up to His saying: "Wise."(1)
(1) Ibn Kathir 7/350-351 and al-Durr 7/555.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَأٍ.
١٨٦٠٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَابِقٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ دِينَارٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ الْحَارِثَ بْنَ ضِرَارٍ الْخُزَاعِيَّ يَقُولُ: قَدِمْتُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فَدَعَانِي إِلَى الْإِسْلامِ فَدَخَلْتُ فِيهِ وَأَقْرَرْتُ بِهِ، وَدَعَانِي إِلَى الزَّكَاةِ فَأَقْرَرْتُ بِهَا وَقُلْتُ:
يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، أَرْجِعُ إِلَيْهِمْ فَأَدْعُوهُمْ إِلَى الْإِسْلامِ وَأَدَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ مِمَّنِ اسْتَجَابَ لِي جَمَعْتُ زَكَاتَهُ وَيُرْسِلُ إِلَيَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ رَسُولًا لِإِبَّانِ كَذَا وَكَذَا لِيَأْتِيَكَ مَا جَمَعْتُ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ.
فَلَمَّا جَمَعَ الْحَارِثُ الزَّكَاةَ مِمَّنِ اسْتَجَابَ لَهُ وَبَلَغَ الْإِبَّانَ الَّذِي أَرَادَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنْ يُبْعَثَ إِلَيْهِ، احْتَبَسَ عَلَيْهِ الرَّسُولُ فَلَمْ يَأْتِهِ فَظَنَّ الْحَارِثُ أَنَّهُ قَدْ حَدَثَ فِيهِ سُخْطَةٌ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسَولِهِ، فَدَعَا بِسَرَوَاتِ قَوْمِهِ فَقَالَ لَهُمْ، إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- كَانَ وَقَّتَ لِي وَقْتًا يُرْسِلُ إِلَيَّ رَسُولَهُ لِيَقْبِضَ مَا كَانَ عِنْدِي مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ، وَلَيْسَ مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- الْخُلْفُ وَلا أَرَى حَبَسَ رَسُولَهُ إِلا مِنْ سُخْطَةٍ كَانَتْ، فَانْطَلِقُوا فَنَأْتِي رَسُولَ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- وَبَعَثَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُقْبَةَ إلى الْحَارِثِ لِيَقْبَضَ مَا كَانَ عِنْدَهُ مِمَّا جَمَعَ مِنَ الزَّكَاةِ، فَلِمَا أَنْ سَارَ الْوَلِيدُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ بَعْضَ الطَّرِيقِ فَرَقَّ أَيْ خَافَ فَرَجَعَ فَأَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- فَقَالَ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِنَّ الْحَارِثَ مَنَعَنِي الزَّكَاةَ وَأَرَادَ قَتْلِي، فَضَرَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الْبَعْثَ إِلَى الْحَارِثِ وَأَقْبَلَ الْحَارِثُ بِأَصْحَابِهِ حَتَّى إِذَا اسْتَقْبَلَ الْبَعْثَ، وَفُصِلَ عَنِ الْمَدِينَةِ، لَقِيَهُمُ الْحَارِثُ فَقَالُوا:
هَذَا الْحَارِثُ فَلَمَّا غَشِيَهُمْ قَالَ لَهُمْ: إِلى مَنْ بُعِثْتُمْ؟ قَالُوا إِلَيْكَ قَالَ: وَلِمَ؟ قَالُوا إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- كَانَ بَعَثَ إِلَيْكَ الْوَلِيدَ بْنَ عُقْبَةَ فَزَعَمَ أَنَّكَ مَنَعْتَهُ الزَّكَاةَ وَأَرَدْتَ قَتْلَهُ قَالَ: لَا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَ مُحَمَّدًا بِالْحَقِّ مَا رَأَيْتُهُ بَتَّةَ، وَلا أَتَانِي فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْحَارِثُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- قَالَ: «مَنَعْتَ الزَّكَاةَ وَأَرَدْتَ قَتْلَ رَسُولِي؟» قَالَ: لَا وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ مَا رَأَيْتُهُ وَلا أَتَانِي وَمَا أَقْبَلْتُ إِلا حِينَ احْتُبِسَ عَلَيَّ رَسُولِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ- صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ- خَشِيتُ أَنْ يَكُونَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ سُخْطَةٌ قَالَ: فَنَزَلَتِ الْحُجُرَاتُ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ جَاءَكُمْ فَاسِقٌ بِنَبَأٍ إِلَى قوله حكيم «١» .
(١) ابن كثير ٧/ ٣٥٠- ٣٥١ والدر ٧/ ٥٥٥.
