from the Muhajirun and the Ansar. Some of the people of Badr came, and they had been preceded to the gathering, so they stood before the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and said: "Peace be upon you, O Prophet, and the mercy of Allah and His blessings." The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, returned their greeting, then they greeted the people after that, and they returned their greeting. They remained standing on their feet, waiting for space to be made for them. The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, knew what had caused them to stand, but no space was made for them. This grieved him, so he said to those around him from the Muhajirun and the Ansar who were not among the people of Badr: "Stand up, O so-and-so, and you, O so-and-so." He continued to make them stand up, equal to the number of people who were standing from the people of Badr. This grieved those who were moved from their seats, so this verse was revealed. (1)
His saying, the Almighty: "Allah will raise those who have believed among you and those who were given knowledge, by degrees."
18847 - From Ibn Abbas, that he said: The interpretation of this verse: Allah will raise those who have believed among you and were given knowledge above those who have believed and were not given knowledge, by degrees. (2)
His saying, the Almighty: "You hold private conversation"
18848 - From Ibn Abbas, regarding His saying: "When you hold private conversation with the Messenger..." the verse: He said: The Muslims asked too many questions of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, until they burdened him. Allah wanted to lighten [the burden] on His Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace. When that was said, many of the people refrained and ceased asking. Then Allah revealed after this: "Are you afraid [to offer charities before your private conversation]..." the verse. So Allah expanded it for them and did not make it narrow. (3)
(1) Al-Durr 8/83. ..... Al-Durr 8/83. (3) Al-Durr 8/83.
مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ، فَجَاءَ نَاسٌ مِنَ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ وَقَدْ سُبِقُوا إِلى الْمَجْلِسِ، فَقَامُوا حِيَالَ رَسُول اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالُوا السَّلامُ عَلَيْكَ أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ وَرَحْمَةُ اللَّهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ، فَرَدَّ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ، ثُمَّ سَلَّمُوا عَلَى الْقَوْمِ بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَرَدُّوا عَلَيْهِمْ. فَقَامُوا عَلَى أَرْجُلِهِمْ يَنْتَظِرُونَ أَنْ يُوسَعَ لَهُمْ. فَعَرَفَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَا يَحْمِلُهُمْ عَلَى الْقِيَامِ فَلَمْ يُفْسَحْ لَهُمْ. فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَيْهِ فَقَالَ لِمَنْ حَوْلَهُ مِنَ الْمُهَاجِرِينَ وَالْأَنْصَارِ مِنْ غَيْرِ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ: قُمْ يَا فُلانُ وَأَنْتَ يَا فُلانُ فَلَمْ يَزَلْ يُقِيمُهُمْ بِعَدَّةِ النَّفَرِ الَّذِينَ هُمْ قِيَامٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ. فَشَقَّ ذَلِكَ عَلَى مَنْ أُقِيمَ مِنْ مَجْلِسِهِ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الْآيَةُ «١» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنكُمْ وَالَّذِينَ أُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ
١٨٨٤٧ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: تَفْسِيرُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةِ: يَرْفَعِ اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا مِنْكُمْ وَأُوتُوا الْعِلْمَ عَلَى الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَلَمْ يُؤْتَوُا الْعِلْمَ دَرَجَاتٍ «٢» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: نَاجَيْتُمُ
١٨٨٤٨ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: إِذَا نَاجَيْتُمُ الرَّسُولَ الْآيَةَ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَكْثَرُوا الْمَسَائِلَ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ حَتَّى شَقُّوا عَلَيْهِ، فَأَرَادَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يُخَفِّفَ عَنْ نَبِيِّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَلَمَّا قَالَ ذَلِكَ امْتَنَعَ كَثِيرٌ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَكَفُّوا عَنِ المسألة فأنزل الله بعد هذا أأشفقتم الآية فوسع الله عليهم ولم يضيق «٣» .
(١) الدر ٨/ ٨٣. [.....](٢) الدر ٨/ ٨٣.(٣) الدر ٨/ ٨٣.
