His saying, the Almighty: "The day of Jumu'ah (Friday)"
18894 - From Salman who said: "The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: 'Do you know what the day of Jumu'ah is?'" He said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." He said it three times, then said in the third: "It is the day on which your forefather Adam was gathered. Shall I not tell you about the day of Jumu'ah? No man purifies himself and perfects his purification, puts on his best clothes, and applies some of his family's perfume if they have any—otherwise water will suffice—then comes to the mosque, sits down, and remains silent until the Imam completes his prayer, except that it will be an expiation for what is between the two Jumu'ahs, provided that major sins are avoided, and that applies for all time." (1)
18895 - Al-Hasan ibn 'Arafah narrated to us, 'Ubaydah ibn Humayd narrated to us, from Mansur, from Abu Ma'shar, from Ibrahim, from 'Alqamah, from Qartha' al-Dabbi, Salman narrated to us, who said: Abu al-Qasim (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "O Salman, what is the day of Jumu'ah?" I said: "Allah and His Messenger know best." Then the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "It is a day in which your two parents—your father—were gathered." (2)
18896 - My father narrated to us, Abu Nu'aym narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Rashid al-Makhuli narrated to us, from Makhul, that the adhan (call to prayer) on the day of Jumu'ah was a single caller when the Imam went out, then the prayer was established. That is the call at which buying and selling are forbidden when it is announced. Then 'Uthman (may Allah be pleased with him) ordered that the call be made before the Imam goes out so that the people may gather. (3)
18897 - 'Arrak ibn Malik (may Allah be pleased with him) used to, when he had prayed the Jumu'ah, turn away and stand at the door of the mosque and say: "O Allah, I have answered Your call, performed Your obligatory duty, and dispersed as You commanded me; so provide for me from Your bounty, for You are the best of providers." (4)
His saying, the Almighty: "Hasten"
18898 - From al-Hasan that he was asked about His saying: "Hasten to the remembrance of Allah"—he said: It is not hastening on foot, for they have been forbidden from coming to prayer except with tranquility and dignity, but rather it is with the hearts, the intention, and humility. (5)
(1) Al-Durr 8/155. (2) Ibn Kathir 8/145-149. (3) Ibn Kathir 8/145-149. (4) Ibn Kathir 8/145-149. (5) Al-Durr 8/162.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ
١٨٨٩٤ - عَنْ سَلْمَانَ قَالَ: «قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «أَتَدْرِي مَا يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ؟» قَالَ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ. قَالَهَا ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ ثُمَّ قَالَ: «فِي الثَّالِثَةِ هُوَ الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي جُمِعَ فِيهِ أَبُوكُمْ آدَمُ، أَفَلا أُحَدِّثُكُمْ عَنْ يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ؟! لَا يَتَطَهَّرُ رَجُلٌ فَيُحْسِنُ طُهُورَهُ، وَيَلْبَسُ أَحْسَنَ ثِيَابِهِ، وَيُصِيبُ مَنْ طِيبِ أَهْلِهِ إِنْ كَانَ لَهُمْ طِيبٌ، وَإِلا فَالْمَاءُ ثُمَّ يَأْتِي الْمَسْجِدَ فَيَجْلِسُ وَيُنْصِتُ حَتَّى يَقْضِيَ الْإِمَامُ صَلاتَهَ إِلا كَانَتْ كَفَّارَةً مَا بَيْنَ الْجُمُعَةِ مَا اجْتُنِبَتِ الْكَبَائِرُ وَذَلِكَ الدَّهْرُ كُلُّهُ «١» .
١٨٨٩٥ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدَةُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنْ أَبِي مَعْشَرٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ قَرْثَعٍ الضَّبِّيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا سَلْمَانُ قَالَ: قَالَ أَبُو الْقَاسِمِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَا سَلْمَانُ مَا يَوْمُ الْجُمُعَةِ؟ قُلْتُ: اللَّهُ وَرَسُولُهُ أَعْلَمُ.
فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «يَوْمٌ جَمِعَ فِيهِ أبواك- أبو أَبُوكُمْ» «٢» .
١٨٨٩٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو نُعَيْمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ رَاشِدٍ الْمَكْحُولِيُّ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ أَنَّ النِّدَاءَ كَانَ فِي يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ مُؤَذِّنٌ وَاحِدٌ حِينَ يَخْرُجُ الْإِمَامُ، ثُمَّ تُقَامُ الصَّلاةُ وَذَلِكَ النِّدَاءُ الَّذِي يَحْرُمُ عِنْدَهُ الْبَيْعُ وَالشِّرَاءُ إِذَا نُودِيَ بِهِ، فَأَمَرَ عُثْمَانُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْ يُنَادِيَ قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ الْإِمَامِ حَتَّى يَجْتَمِعَ النَّاسُ «٣» .
١٨٨٩٧ - كَانَ عَرَّاكُ بْنُ مَالِكٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِذَا صَلَّى الْجُمُعَةَ انْصَرَفَ فَوَقَفَ عَلَى بَابِ الْمَسْجِدِ فَقَالَ: اللَّهُمَّ، أَجَبْتُ دَعْوَتَكَ وَصَلَّيْتُ فَرِيضَتَكَ، وَانْتَشَرْتُ كَمَا أَمَرْتَنِي فَارْزُقْنِي مِنْ فَضْلِكَ، وَأَنْتَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ «٤» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَاسْعَوْا
١٨٨٩٨ - عَنِ الْحَسَنِ أَنَّهُ سُئِلَ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: فَاسْعَوْا إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: مَا هُوَ بِالسَّعْيِ عَلَى الْأَقْدَامِ وَلَقَدْ نُهُوا أَنْ يَأْتُوا الصَّلاةَ إِلا وَعَلَيْهِمُ السَّكِينَةُ وَالْوَقَارُ وَلَكِنْ بِالْقُلُوبِ وَالنِّيَّةِ وَالْخُشُوعِ «٥» .
(١) الدر ٨/ ١٥٥.(٢) ابن كثير ٨/ ١٤٥- ١٤٩.(٣) ابن كثير ٨/ ١٤٥- ١٤٩.(٤) ابن كثير ٨/ ١٤٥- ١٤٩.(٥) الدر ٨/ ١٦٢.
