Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim

Volume 10 · Page 218Surah al-Taghabun

Translation · EN

Surat al-Taghabun

His saying, the Almighty: "And shaped you and perfected your forms."

18902 - From Abu Dharr, he said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said: "When the semen remains in the womb for forty nights, the angel of souls comes to it and ascends with it to the Lord. He says: 'O Lord, male or female?' Then Allah decrees what He is to decree, and he says: 'Wretched or prosperous?' Then he writes what he is to encounter." Abu Dharr recited five verses from the beginning of al-Taghabun up to His saying: "And shaped you and perfected your forms, and to Him is the [final] destination." (1)

His saying, the Almighty: "Al-Taghabun (The Day of Mutual Loss and Gain)."

18903 - From Ibn 'Abbas: The Day of al-Taghabun is one of the names of the Day of Resurrection. (2)

His saying, the Almighty: "O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you."

18904 - Muhammad ibn Khalaf al-'Asqalani narrated to us, [who said:] al-Firyabi narrated to us, [who said:] Isra'il narrated to us, [who said:] Simak ibn Harb narrated to us, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, that a man asked him about this verse: "O you who have believed, indeed, among your wives and your children are enemies to you, so beware of them." He said: "These were men who accepted Islam from Mecca and wanted to come to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), but their wives and children refused to let them go. When they later came to the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), they saw that the people had already gained understanding in the religion, and they intended to punish them. So Allah revealed this verse: 'But if you pardon and overlook and forgive—then indeed, Allah is Forgiving and Merciful.'" (3)

His saying, the Almighty: "So fear Allah as much as you are able."

18905 - From Sa'id ibn Jubayr (may Allah be pleased with him) who said: When "Fear Allah as He should be feared" was revealed, the act became difficult for the people. They stood [in prayer] until their heels swelled and their foreheads developed sores. Then Allah revealed a relief for the Muslims: "So fear Allah as much as you are able," and the first verse was abrogated. (4)

18906 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, [who said:] Yahya ibn 'Abdullah ibn Bukayr narrated to us, [who said:] Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, [who said:] 'Ata'—that is, Ibn Dinar—narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, regarding His saying: "Fear Allah as He should be feared, and do not die except as Muslims [in submission to Him]." He said: "When the verse was revealed, the act became difficult for the people. They stood until their heels swelled and their foreheads developed sores. Then Allah revealed a relief for the Muslims: 'So fear Allah as much as you are able,' and the first [verse] was abrogated." (5)

Notes

(1) Al-Durr 8/183. (2) Al-Durr 8/183. [.....] (3) Ibn Kathir 8/165 and al-Durr 184. (4) Al-Durr 8/185. (5) Al-Durr 8/185.

Arabic (Source)

سُورَةُ التَّغَابُنِ

٦٤

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَصَوَّرَكُمْ فَأَحْسَنَ صُوَرَكُمْ

١٨٩٠٢ - عَنْ أَبِي ذَرٍّ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «إِذَا مَكَثَ المَنِيُّ فِي الرَّحِمِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً أَتَاهُ مَلَكُ النُّفُوسِ فَعَرَجَ بِهِ إِلَى الرَّبِّ فَيَقُولُ: يَا رَبِّ أَذَكَرٌ أَمْ أُنْثَى؟ فَيَقْضِي اللَّهُ مَا هُوَ قَاضٍ فَيَقُولُ أَشَقِيٌّ أَمْ سَعِيدٌ؟ فَيَكْتُبُ مَا هُوَ لاقٍ» وَقَرَأَ أَبُو ذَرٍّ مِنْ فَاتِحَةِ التَّغَابُنِ خَمْسَ آيَاتٍ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَصَوَّرَكُمْ فَأَحْسَنَ صُوَرَكُمْ وَإِلَيْهِ الْمَصِيرُ «١» .

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: التَّغَابُنِ

١٨٩٠٣ - عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ يَوْمُ التَّغَابُنِ مِنْ أَسْمَاءِ يَوْمِ الْقِيَامَةِ «٢» .

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنْ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا

١٨٩٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ خَلَفٍ الْعَسْقَلانِيُّ، ثنا الْفِرْيَابِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْرَائِيلُ، حَدَّثَنَا سِمَاكُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَسَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ عَنْ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِنَّ مِنْ أَزْوَاجِكُمْ وَأَوْلادِكُمْ عَدُوًّا لكم فاحذروهم قَالَ: فَهُؤُلاءِ رِجَالٌ أَسْلَمُوا مِنْ مَكَّةَ فَأَرَادُوا أَنْ يَأْتُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَأَبَى أَزْوَاجُهُمْ وَأَوْلادُهُمْ أَنْ يَدَعُوهُمْ، فَلَمَّا أَتَوْ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَأَوُا النَّاسَ قَدْ فَقِهُوا فِي الدِّينِ فَهَمُّوا أَنْ يُعَاقِبُوهُمْ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ وَإِنْ تَعْفُوا وَتَصْفَحُوا وَتَغْفِرُوا فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ غَفُورٌ رَحِيمٌ «٣» .

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ

١٨٩٠٥ - عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ عَنْهُ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ: اتَّقُوا اللهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ اشْتَدَّ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْعَمَلُ فَقَامُوا حَتَّى وَرِمَتْ عَرَاقِيبُهُمْ وَتَقَرَّحَتْ جِبَاهُهُمْ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَخْفِيفاً عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ فَنُسِخَتِ الآيَةُ الْأُولَى «٤» .

١٨٩٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ هُوَ ابْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: اتَّقُوا اللَّهَ حَقَّ تُقَاتِهِ، وَلا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلا وَأَنْتُمْ مُسْلِمُونَ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتِ الآيَةُ اشْتَدَّ عَلَى الْقَوْمِ الْعَمَلُ فَقَامُوا حَتَّى وَرِمَتْ عَرَاقِيبُهُمْ وَتَقَرَّحَتْ جِبَاهُهُمْ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَخْفِيفاً عَلَى الْمُسْلِمِينَ: فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ فَنُسِخَتِ الأولى «٥» .