17967 - From Ibn 'Abbas (may God be pleased with them both) regarding His saying: "And if a burdened soul calls another to carry some of its load, nothing of it will be carried"—he said: It means that upon it is a burden; it finds no one to carry any of its burden for it.
His saying, the Almighty: "And no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another"
17968 - From Mujahid (may God be pleased with him) regarding His saying: "And if a burdened soul calls another to carry some of its load, nothing of it will be carried"—he said: It is like [the verse]: "And no bearer of burdens shall bear the burden of another."
17969 - From 'Ikrimah, he said: A neighbor will cling to his neighbor on the Day of Resurrection and say: "O Lord, ask this one why he used to shut his door against me!" And the disbeliever will cling to the believer on the Day of Resurrection and say to him: "O believer, I have done you a favor—you know how I was in the world, and I have need of you today." The believer will continue to intercede for him with his Lord until He returns him to a position lower than [another] position, while he is in the Fire. And the father will cling to his child on the Day of Resurrection and say: "O my son, what kind of father was I to you?" He will praise him for good, then he will say: "O my son, I am in need of a particle's weight of your good deeds so that I may be saved by it from what you see." His child will say to him: "O my father, how easy is what you have asked! But I cannot bear to give you anything; I fear the same as what you fear, so I cannot give you anything." Then he will cling to his wife and say: "O so-and-so, what kind of husband was I to you?" She will praise him for good, then he will say to her: "I am asking you for one good deed, that you grant it to me, perhaps I may be saved from what you see." She will say: "How easy is what you have asked! But I cannot bear to give you anything; I fear the same as what you fear." God says: "And if a burdened soul calls another to carry some of its load..." And God says: "A day when no father shall compensate for his child," and "A day when a man will flee from his brother, his mother, and his father."
17970 - From Qatadah regarding His saying: "And if a burdened soul calls another to carry some of its load"—that is, to its sins—"nothing of it will be carried, even if he were a near kinsman." He said: A close relative will not carry any of his sins. "You can only warn those who fear their Lord in the unseen"—that is, they fear the Fire and the reckoning. And regarding His saying: "And whoever purifies himself, he only purifies himself for his own soul"—that is, whoever does a righteous deed only does it for himself. And regarding His saying: "And not equal are..."—he said: It is a creation, some of which has been favored over others. As for the believer, he is a servant who is alive in his impact, alive in his vision, alive in his intention, and alive in his deed. The disbeliever is a servant who is dead in his impact, dead in his vision, dead in his heart, and dead in his deed.
(1) al-Durr 7/16. (2) al-Durr 7/16. (3) al-Durr 7/16.
١٧٩٦٧ - عن ابن عباس رضي الله، عنهما في قَوْلِهِ: وَإِنْ تَدْعُ مُثْقَلَةٌ إِلَى حِمْلِهَا لا يُحْمَلْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ يَكُونُ عَلَيْهِ وِزْرٌ لَا يَجِدُ أَحَدًا يَحْمِلُ، عَنْهُ مِنْ وِزْرِهِ شَيْئًا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى
١٧٩٦٨ - عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ رَضِيَ اللهُ، عَنْهُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِنْ تَدْعُ مُثْقَلَةٌ إِلَى حِمْلِهَا لا يُحْمَلْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ كَنَحْوِ وَلا تَزِرُ وَازِرَةٌ وِزْرَ أُخْرَى «١» .
١٧٩٦٩ - عَنْ عِكْرَمَةَ قَالَ: إِنَّ الْجَارَ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِجَارِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيَقُولُ: يَا رَبِّ سَلْ هَذَا لِمَ كَانَ يُغْلِقُ بَابَهُ دُونِي، وَإِنَّ الْكَافِرَ لَيَتَعَلَّقُ بِالْمُؤْمِنِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيَقُولُ لَهُ: يَا مُؤْمِنُ إِنَّ لِي، عِنْدَكَ يَدًا قَدْ عَرَفْتَ كَيْفَ كُنْتُ فِي الدُّنْيَا وَقَدِ احْتَجْتُ إِلَيْكَ الْيَوْمَ فَلا يَزَالُ الْمُؤْمِنُ يَشْفَعُ لَهُ إلى رَبِّهِ حَتَّى يَرُدَّهُ إِلَى مَنْزِلَةٍ دُونَ مَنْزِلَةٍ وَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ، وَأَنَّ الْوَالِدَ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِوَلَدِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَيَقُولُ: يَا بُنَيَّ أَيُّ وَالِدٍ كُنْتُ لَكَ؟ فَيُثْنِي خَيْرًا فَيَقُولُ: يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي احْتَجْتُ إِلَى مِثْقَالِ ذَرَّةٍ مِنْ حَسَنَاتِكَ أَنْجُو بِهَا مِمَّا تَرَى، فَيَقُولُ لَهُ وَلَدُهُ: يَا أَبَتِ مَا أَيْسَرُ مَا طَلَبْتَ؟ وَلَكِنِّي لَا أُطِيقُ أَنْ أُعْطِيَكَ شَيْئًا أَتَخَوَّفُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي تَخَوَّفْتَ، فَلا أَسْتَطَيْعُ أَنْ أُعْطِيَكَ شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ يَتَعَلَّقُ بِزَوْجَتِهِ فَيَقُولُ: يَا فُلانَةُ، أَيُّ زَوْجٍ كُنْتُ لَكِ؟ فَتُثْنِي خَيْرًا فَيَقُولُ لَهَا: فَإِنِّي أَطْلُبُ إِلَيْكَ حَسَنَةً وَاحِدَةً تَهِبِيهَا لِي، لَعَلِّي أَنْجُو مِمَّا تَرَيْنَ قَالَتْ:
مَا أَيْسَرُ مَا طَلَبْتَ! لَكِنِّي لَا أُطِيقُ أَنْ أُعْطِيَكَ شَيْئًا أَتَخَوَّفُ مِثْلَ الَّذِي تَخَوَّفْتَ يَقُولُ اللَّهُ: وَإِنْ تَدْعُ مُثْقَلَةٌ إِلَى حِمْلِهَا ... وَيَقُولُ اللَّهُ: يَوْمًا لا يَجْزِي وَالِدٌ، عَنْ ولده ويوم يَفِرُّ الْمَرْءُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ وَأُمِّهِ وَأَبِيهِ «٢» .
١٧٩٧٠ - عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِنْ تَدْعُ مُثْقَلَةٌ إِلَى حِمْلِهَا أَيْ إِلَى ذُنُوبِهَا لا يُحْمَلْ مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ وَلَو كَانَ ذَا قُرْبَى قَالَ: قَرَابَةٌ قَرِيبَةٌ لَا يَحْمِلُ مِنْ ذَنُوبِهِ شَيْئًا إِنَّمَا تُنْذِرُ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ بِالْغَيْبِ أَيْ يَخْشَوْنَ النَّارَ، وَالْحِسَابَ وَفِي قَوْلِهِ وَمَنْ تَزَكَّى فَإِنَّمَا يَتَزَكَّى لِنَفْسِهِ أَيْ مَنْ عَمِلَ عَمَلًا صَالِحًا فَإِنَّمَا يَعْمَلُ لِنَفْسِهِ وَفِي قَوْلِهِ: وَمَا يَسْتَوِي قَالَ: خَلَقٌ فُضِّلَ بَعَضُهُ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، فَأَمَّا الْمُؤْمِنُ فَعَبْدٌ حَيُّ الْأَثَرِ، حَيُّ الْبَصَرِ حَيُّ النِّيَّةِ حَيُّ الْعَمَلِ، وَالْكَافِرُ عَبْدٌ مَيِّتُ الْأَثَرِ ميت البصر ميت القلب ميت العمل «٣» .
(١) الدر ٧/ ١٦.(٢) الدر ٧/ ١٦. [.....](٣) الدر ٧/ ١٦.