Surah Sad
38
His saying, the Almighty: "Has he made the gods [but] one God?" up to His saying: "[But they have] not yet tasted My punishment."
18326 - Abu Kurayb and Ibn Waki' narrated to us, they said: Abu Usama narrated to us, al-A'mash narrated to us, 'Ubada narrated to us, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn 'Abbas who said: When Abu Talib became ill, a group from Quraysh entered upon him, among them was Abu Jahl. They said: "Your nephew insults our gods, and does this and that, and says this and that. If only you would send for him and forbid him?" So he sent for him. The Prophet, peace and blessings be upon him, came and entered the house, and between them and Abu Talib was the space of a man's sitting. Abu Jahl feared that if he sat next to Abu Talib, he would soften [Abu Talib's stance] toward him, so he jumped and sat in that space, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, found no place near his uncle, so he sat near the door. Abu Talib said to him: "O nephew, what is the matter with your people that they complain about you? They claim that you insult their gods, and you say this and that?" He said, and they persisted in speaking against him. The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him, spoke and said: "O uncle, I only want them to agree to one word, by which the Arabs would submit to them and the non-Arabs (Ajam) would pay the jizya to them." They were alarmed by his word and by his statement, and they said: "One word! Yes, by your father, [we would agree to] ten!" They said: "What is it?" Abu Talib said: "And what word is that, O my nephew?" He said: "There is no god but Allah." They rose in alarm, dusting off their garments, saying: "Has he made the gods [but] one God? Indeed, this is a strange thing." He said: And it was revealed from this point until His saying: "[But they have] not yet tasted My punishment." The phrasing is that of Abu Kurayb (1).
His saying, the Almighty: "And they called out, but it was not the time for escape."
18327 - From the path of 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, may Allah be pleased with them both, regarding: "And they called out, but it was not the time for escape," he said: "They called out, and the calling was at a time when it would not benefit them," and he recited [poetry]. (2).
(1) Ibn Kathir 7/46. (2) Al-Durr 7/145-147.
سُورَةُ ص
٣٨
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَجَعَلَ الْآلِهَةَ إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: لَمَّا يَذُوقُوا عَذَابِ
١٨٣٢٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ وَابْنُ وَكِيعٍ قَالا: حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا الْأَعْمَشُ، ثنا عُبَادَةُ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا مَرِضَ أَبُو طَالَبٍ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ رَهْطٌ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ، فِيهِمْ أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَقَالُوا: إِنَّ ابْنَ أَخِيكَ يَشْتُمُ آلِهَتَنَا: وَيَفْعَلُ وَيَفْعَلُ وَيَقُولُ وَيَقُولُ فَلَو بَعَثْتَ إِلَيْهِ فَنَهَيْتَهُ؟ فَبَعَثَ إِلَيْهِ، فَجَاءَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَدَخَلَ الْبَيْتَ وَبَيْنَهُمْ وَبَيْنَ أَبِي طَالِبٍ قَدْرُ مَجْلِسِ رَجُلٍ، قَالَ: فَخَشِيَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ إِنْ جَلَسَ إِلَى جَنْبِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ أَنْ يَكُونَ أَرَّقَ لَهُ عَلَيْهِ، فَوَثَبَ فَجَلَسَ فِي ذَلِكَ الْمَجْلِسِ وَلَمْ يَجِدْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَجْلِسًا قُرْبَ عَمِّهِ، فَجَلَسَ، عِنْدَ الْبَابِ فَقَالَ لَهُ أَبُو طَالِبٍ: أَيِ ابْنَ أَخِي، مَا بَالُ قَوْمِكَ يَشْكُونَكَ، يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّكَ تَشْتُمُ آلِهَتَهُمْ، وَتَقُولُ وَتَقُولُ؟ قَالَ: وَأَكْثَرُوا عَلَيْهِ مِنَ الْقَوْلِ. وَتَكَلَّمَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ «يَا عَمِّ إِنِي أُرِيدُهُمْ عَلَى كَلِمَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ يَقُولُونَهَا تَدِينُ لَهُمْ بِهَا الْعَرَبُ وَتُؤَدِّي إِلَيْهِمْ بِهَا الْعَجَمُ الْجِزْيَةَ» فَفَزِعُوا لِكَلِمَتِهِ وَلِقَوْلِهِ، وَقَالُوا كَلِمَةٌ وَاحِدَةٌ! نَعَمْ وأَبِيكَ عَشْرًا فَقَالُوا: وَمَا هِيَ؟ وَقَالَ أَبُو طَالِبٍ: وَأَيُّ كَلِمَةٍ هِيَ يَا ابْنَ أَخِي؟ فَقَالَ: «لَا إِلَهَ إِلا اللَّهُ» فَقَامُوا فَزِعِينَ يَنْفُضُونَ ثِيَابَهُمْ، وَهُمْ يَقُولُونَ: أَجَعَلَ الْآلِهَةَ إِلَهًا وَاحِدًا! إِنَّ هَذَا لَشَيْءٌ عُجَابٌ قَالَ: وَنَزَلَتْ مِنْ هَذَا الْمَوْضِعِ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: لَمَّا يَذُوقُوا عَذَابِ لَفْظُ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ «١» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَنَادَوْا وَلاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٍ
١٨٣٢٧ - مِنْ طَرِيقِ عِكْرَمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ رَضِيَ الله عَنْهُمَا فَنَادَوْا وَلاتَ حِينَ مَنَاصٍ قَالَ: نَادَوْا وَالنِّدَاءُ حِينَ لَا يَنْفَعُهُمْ، وَأَنْشَدَ تذكرت «٢» .
(١) ابن كثير ٧/ ٤٦.(٢) الدر ٧/ ١٤٥- ١٤٧.
