2522 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr b. Hammad reported to us, Asbat reported to us, from al-Suddi: "How many a small group has overcome a large group by the permission of Allah." He said: Then three thousand, six hundred, and some eighty men returned from him, and there remained three hundred and some ten men—the number of the people of Badr.
His saying: "By the permission of Allah"
2523 - 'Ali b. al-Husayn narrated to us, Muhammad b. al-'Ala'—meaning, Abu Kurayb—reported to us, 'Uthman b. Sa'id reported to us, Bishr b. 'Umarah reported to us, from Abu Rawq, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding "By the permission of Allah," he says: By the command of Allah.
His saying, the Exalted: "And Allah is with the patient"
2524 - My father narrated to us, 'Abdah b. Sulayman al-Marwazi reported to us, Ibn al-Mubarak reported to us, from Ibn Lahi'ah, from 'Ata' b. Dinar, that Sa'id b. Jubayr said: Patience is the servant's acknowledgement to Allah of what has afflicted him, seeking the reward for it from Allah, and hoping for His recompense. A man might feel anguish while being steadfast, so that one sees nothing from him but patience.
2525 - Yunus b. 'Abd al-A'la narrated to us, Ibn Wahb reported to us, I heard Ibn Zayd say: Patience is of two kinds: patience upon what Allah loves even if it is burdensome, and patience upon what He dislikes even if the soul desires it. Whoever is like this, he is of the patient.
His saying, the Exalted: "And when they appeared before Jalut and his soldiers, they said: Our Lord, pour out..."
2526 - Al-Hasan b. Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us, Bakkar b. 'Abd Allah informed us, he said: I heard Wahb b. Munabbih narrating, he said: When Talut appeared before Jalut, Jalut said: "Bring forth to me someone who will fight me. If he kills me, then you shall have my kingdom, and if I kill him, then I shall have your kingdom." So David (Dawud) was brought to Talut, and he made an agreement with him that if he killed him, he would give him his daughter in marriage and grant him authority over his wealth. He said: So Talut clothed him in his armor, but David disliked fighting him while in armor and said: "If Allah does not grant me victory over him, the armor will be of no use to me." So he went out against him with a sling and a pouch containing stones, then appeared before him. Jalut said to him: "You are the one fighting me?" David said: "Yes." He said: "Woe to you, have you come out only as one comes out against a dog, with a sling and stones? I shall surely scatter your flesh and feed you today to the birds and the beasts of prey."
(1). Al-Tafsir 1/114.
٢٥٢٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ كَمْ مِنْ فِئَةٍ قَلِيلَةٍ غَلَبَتْ فِئَةً كَثِيرَةً بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: فَرَجَعَ عَنْهُ أَيْضًا ثَلاثَةُ آلافٍ وَسِتُّمِائَةٍ وَبِضْعٌ وثمانون، وخلص في ثلاثمائة وبضع عَشْرَ عِدَّةُ أَهْلِ بَدْرٍ.
قَوْلُهُ: بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ
٢٥٢٣ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاءِ، يَعْنِي: أَبَا كُرَيْبٍ ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ عُمَارَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي رَوْقٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ: بِأَمْرِ اللَّهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَاللَّهُ مَعَ الصَّابِرِينَ
٢٥٢٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الْمَرْوَزِيُّ، ثنا ابن المبارك ابنا بن لَهِيعَةَ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ دِينَارٍ، أَنَّ سَعِيدَ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ، قَالَ: الصَّبْرُ اعْتِرَافُ الْعَبْدِ لِلَّهِ، بِمَا أَصَابَ مِنْهُ، وَاحْتِسَابُهُ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ، وَرَجَاءُ ثَوَابِهِ وَقَدْ يَجْزَعُ الرَّجُلُ وَهُوَ مُتَجَلِّدٌ، لَا يُرَى مِنْهُ إِلَّا الصَّبْرُ.
٢٥٢٥ - حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى، ثنا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ زَيْدٍ، قَالَ:
الصَّبْرُ فِي بَابَيْنِ: فَصَبْرٌ عَلَى مَا أَحَبَّ اللَّهُ وَإِنْ ثَقُلَ، وَصَبْرٌ عَلَى مَا يَكْرَهُ وَإِنْ نَازَعْتَ إِلَيْهِ الْهَوَى. فَمَنْ كَانَ هَكَذَا فَهُوَ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَمَّا بَرَزُوا لِجَالُوتَ وَجُنُودِهِ قَالُوا رَبَّنَا أَفْرِغْ
٢٥٢٦ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ، أبنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ «١» أبنا بَكَّارُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ وَهْبَ بْنَ مُنَبِّهٍ يُحَدِّثُ، قَالَ: لَمَّا بَرَزَ طَالُوتُ لِجَالُوتَ، قَالَ جَالُوتُ:
أَبْرِزُوا إِلَيَّ مَنْ يُقَاتِلُنِي فَإِنْ قَتَلَنِي فَلَكُمْ مُلْكِي، وَإِنْ قَتَلْتُهُ فَلِي مُلْكُكُمْ فَأُتِيَ بِدَاوُدَ إِلَى طَالُوتَ، فَقَاضَاهُ إِنْ قَتَلَهُ، أَنْ يُنْكِحَهُ ابْنَتَهُ، وَأَنْ يُحَكِّمَهُ فِي مَالِهِ. قَالَ: فَأَلْبَسَهُ طَالُوتُ سِلاحَهُ، فَكَرِهَ دَاوُدُ أَنْ يُقَاتِلَهُ بِسِلاحٍ وَقَالَ: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَمْ يَنْصُرْنِي عَلَيْهِ، لَمْ يُغْنِنِي السِّلاحُ شَيْئًا، فَخَرَجَ إِلَيْهِ بِالْمِقْلاعِ وَبِمِخْلاةٍ فِيهَا أَحْجَارٌ، ثُمَّ بَرَزَ لَهُ. فَقَالَ لَهُ جَالُوتُ: أَنْتَ تُقَاتِلُنِي؟ قَالَ دَاوُدُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: وَيْلَكَ، مَا خَرَجْتَ إِلا كَمَا يُخْرَجُ إِلَى الْكَلْبِ بِالْمِقْلاعِ وَالْحِجَارَةِ.. لأُبَدِّدَنَّ لَحْمَكَ وَلَأُطْعِمَنَّكَ الْيَوْمَ الطَّيْرَ وَالسِّبَاعَ.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ١١٤.
