Salamah b. Ishaq reported to us, regarding His saying: "And you will not be wronged"—meaning: Its reward will not be lost for you with Allah in the Hereafter, nor will its immediate replacement in this world.
His saying, the Exalted: "[Charity is] for the poor who have been restricted in the way of Allah."
[The First Aspect]
2865 - Hajjaj b. Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah reported to us, Warqa' reported to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "For the poor who have been restricted in the way of Allah"—he said: The emigrants (Muhajirin) of Quraysh in Medina with the Prophet, peace be upon him; he was commanded to give charity to them.
And the Second Aspect:
2866 - 'Ali b. al-Husayn narrated to us, 'Uthman b. Abi Shaybah reported to us, Jarir reported to us, from Ash'ath b. Ishaq, from Ja'far, from Sa'id, regarding His saying: "For the poor who have been restricted in the way of Allah"—he said: A people who were afflicted by wounds in the way of Allah, so they became chronically ill/disabled, and thus a right was established for them in the wealth of the Muslims.
And the Third Aspect:
2867 - al-Hasan b. Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us, Ma'mar informed us, from Qatadah regarding His saying: "For the poor who have been restricted in the way of Allah"—he said: They restricted themselves in the way of Allah for the sake of military expeditions.
And the Fourth Aspect:
2868 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr b. Hammad reported to us, Asbat reported to us, from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "For the poor who have been restricted in the way of Allah"—the polytheists restricted them in Medina.
And the Fifth Aspect:
2869 - My father narrated to us, Duhaym reported to us, al-Walid reported to us, Sa'id b. Bashir reported to us, from Matar, from Raja' b. Haywah, regarding the saying of Allah: "For the poor who have been restricted in the way of Allah, [who] are unable to move about in the land"—he said: They are unable [to engage in] trade.
It was reported from al-Suddi something similar to that.
(1). Tafsir Mujahid 1/117.
ثنا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ، قَوْلُهُ: وَأَنْتُمْ لَا تُظْلَمُونَ أَيْ لَا يَضِيعُ لَكُمْ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ أَجْرُهُ فِي الآخِرَةِ، وَعَاجِلُ خَلَفِهِ فِي الدُّنْيَا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ
[الوجه الأول]
٢٨٦٥ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١»
قوله: للفقراء الذين أحصروا في سبيل الله قَالَ: مُهَاجِرِي قُرَيْشٍ بِالْمَدِينَةِ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، أُمِرَ بِالصَّدَقَةِ عَلَيْهِمْ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٢٨٦٦ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، فِي قوله: للفقراء الذين أحصروا في سبيل الله قَالَ: قَوْمٌ أَصَابَتْهُمُ الْجِرَاحَاتُ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ فَصَارُوا زَمْنَى، فَجُعِلَ لَهُمْ فِي أَمْوَالِ الْمُسْلِمِينَ حَقًّا.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٢٨٦٧ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ، أبنا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أبنا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ: حَصَرُوا أَنْفُسَهُمْ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لِلْغَزْوِ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٢٨٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، قَوْلُهُ:
لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ حَصَرَهُمُ الْمُشْرِكُونَ فِي الْمَدِينَةِ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الْخَامِسُ:
٢٨٦٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا دُحَيْمٌ، ثنا الْوَلِيدُ، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ بَشِيرٍ، عَنْ مَطَرٍ عَنْ رَجَاءِ بْنِ حَيْوَةَ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: لِلْفُقَرَاءِ الَّذِينَ أُحْصِرُوا فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ ضَرْبًا فِي الأَرْضِ قَالَ: لَا يَسْتَطِيعُونَ تِجَارَةً.
وَرُوِيَ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، مثل ذلك.
(١) . تفسير مجاهد ١/ ١١٧.