[His saying, the Exalted: "the foolish"]
[The first interpretation]
2973 - My father narrated to us, Abu Hudhayfah reported to us, Shibl reported to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding "But if the one who bears the obligation is foolish," he said: As for the foolish, it is the one who is ignorant of how to dictate. It is also narrated from Ibn 'Abbas and Sa'id b. Jubayr something similar.
[The second interpretation]
2974 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr b. Hammad reported to us, Asbat reported to us, from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "But if the one who bears the obligation is foolish," as for the foolish, it is the minor.
His saying: "or weak"
2975 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya b. 'Abd Allah b. Bukayr reported to us, 'Abd Allah b. Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' b. Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding the saying of Allah: "or weak," meaning: incapacitated, or mute, or a man who has mental deficiency. It is also narrated from Mujahid and al-Suddi that it is the fool. Al-Shafi'i said: It is one who is deserving of being under interdiction (hajr).
His saying: "or cannot"
2976 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya reported to us, Ibn Lahi'ah reported to us, 'Ata' narrated to me, from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding the saying of Allah: "or cannot," meaning: is not proficient. It is also narrated from al-Dahhak something similar.
His saying: "that he himself dictates"
2977 - And by the same chain from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding His saying: "that he himself dictates," he said: That he dictates what he owes.
His saying: "let him dictate"
2978 - And by the same chain from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding the saying of Allah: "let his guardian dictate with justice." It is also narrated from al-Dahhak b. Muzahim something similar.
[His saying: "his guardian"]
[The first interpretation]
2979 - Hajjaj b. Hamzah narrated to us, Abu Dawud reported to us, from Sufyan, from Yunus, from al-Hasan regarding "let his guardian dictate with justice," he said: The guardian of the orphan.
[قوله تعالى: سفيها]
[الوجه الأول]
٢٩٧٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو حُذَيْفَةَ، ثنا شِبْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا قَالَ: أَمَّا السَّفِيهُ فَالْجَاهِلُ بِالإِمْلاءِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، نَحْوَ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٢٩٧٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، قَوْلُهُ:
فَإِنْ كَانَ الَّذِي عَلَيْهِ الْحَقُّ سَفِيهًا أَمَّا السَّفِيهُ: فَهُوَ الصَّغِيرُ.
قَوْلُهُ: أَوْ ضَعِيفًا
٢٩٧٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: أَوْ ضَعِيفًا يَعْنِي: عَاجِزًا أَوْ أَخْرَسًا، أَوْ رَجُلا بِهِ حُمْقٌ.
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالسُّدِّيِّ، أَنَّهُ الأَحْمَقُ وَقَالَ الشَّافِعِيُّ: الَّذِي يَسْتَحِقُّ أَنْ يُحْجَرَ.
قَوْلُهُ: أَوْ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ
٢٩٧٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى ثنا ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءٌ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: أَوْ لا يَسْتَطِيعُ يَعْنِي: لَا يُحْسِنُ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ نَحْوُ ذلك.
قوله: أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ
٢٩٧٧ - وَبِهِ عَنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: أَنْ يُمِلَّ هُوَ قَالَ: أَنْ يُمِلَّ مَا عَلَيْهِ.
قَوْلُهُ: فَلْيُمْلِلْ
٢٩٧٨ - وَبِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّ الْحَقِّ حَقَّهُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ بْنِ مُزَاحِمٍ، نحو ذلك.
[قوله: وليه]
[الوجه الأول]
٢٩٧٩ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فَلْيُمْلِلْ وَلِيُّهُ بِالْعَدْلِ قَالَ: وَلِيُّ الْيَتِيمِ.
