His saying: "To judge between the people in that wherein they differed"
1989 - Muhammad b. Yahya narrated to us, al-Hasan b. 'Amr Bayya' al-Sabiri informed us, Yazid b. Zuray' narrated to us, Sa'id narrated to us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "To judge between the people in that wherein they differed," he said: "It was mentioned to us that there were ten centuries between Adam and Nuh, all of whom were upon guidance and upon a law (shari'ah) of the truth. Then they differed after that, so Allah sent Nuh. He was the first messenger whom Allah sent to the people of the earth, and he was sent at the time of the disagreement among the people and the abandonment of the truth. So Allah sent His messengers and revealed His Book, using it as an argument against His creation."
His saying: "And none differed over it except those who were given it after the clear proofs had come to them"
1990 - 'Isam b. Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Abu Ja'far narrated to us, from Abu al-'Aliyah, from Ubayy b. Ka'b, regarding His saying: "And none differed over it except those who were given it," meaning the Children of Israel, they were given the Book and the knowledge, "after the clear proofs had come to them."
His saying, Exalted is He: "Out of jealous animosity among themselves"
1991 - And by the same chain of transmission from Ubayy b. Ka'b, regarding His saying: "Out of jealous animosity among themselves," he says: "Out of jealousy regarding the world and the seeking of its kingdom, its glitter, and its adornment, [wondering] which of them would possess the kingdom and the prestige among the people. So some of them acted with jealous animosity toward others, and some of them struck the necks of others [i.e., killed one another]."
His saying, Exalted is He: "And Allah guided those who believed"
1992 - al-Hasan b. Abi al-Rabi' narrated to us, 'Abd al-Razzaq informed us (1), Ma'mar informed us, from al-A'mash, from Abu Salih, from Abu Hurayrah: "And Allah guided those who believed to that truth wherein they differed by His permission." He said: The Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, said: "We are the last ones, the first ones on the Day of Resurrection. We are the first of mankind to enter Paradise, although they were given the Book before us, and we were given the Book after them. So Allah guided us to the truth wherein they differed by His permission. This day which Allah has guided us to—and the people are followers to us in it—is for the Jews tomorrow, and for the Christians the day after tomorrow (2)."
(1). Al-Tafsir 1/99. (2). Al-Bukhari 1/211, Kitab al-Jumu'ah.
قَوْلُهُ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِيمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ
١٩٨٩ - حدثنا محمد بن نحيى، أنبأ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو بَيَّاعٌ السَّابِرِيُّ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ ثنا سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، قَوْلُهُ لِيَحْكُمَ بَيْنَ النَّاسِ فِيمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ قَالَ: ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنَّهُ كَانَ بَيْنَ آدَمَ وَنُوحٍ عَشَرَةُ قُرُونٍ، كُلُّهُمْ عَلَى الْهُدَى، وَعَلَى شَرِيعَةٍ مِنَ الْحَقِّ، ثُمَّ اخْتَلَفُوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ نُوحًا. وَكَانَ أَوَّلَ رَسُولٍ أَرْسَلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى أَهْلِ الأَرْضِ، وَبُعِثَ عِنْدَ الاخْتِلافِ مِنَ النَّاسِ وَتَرْكِ الْحَقِّ، فَبَعَثَ اللَّهُ رُسُلَهُ وَأَنْزَلَ كِتَابَهُ يَحْتَجُّ بِهِ عَلَى خَلْقِهِ.
قَوْلُهُ وَمَا اخْتَلَفَ فِيهِ إِلَّا الَّذِينَ أُوتُوهُ مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ
١٩٩٠ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا أَبُو جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، قَوْلُهُ: وَمَا اخْتَلَفَ فِيهِ إِلا الَّذِينَ أُوتُوهُ يَعْنِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ، أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ وَالْعِلْمَ، مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا جَاءَتْهُمُ الْبَيِّنَاتُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: بَغْيًا بَيْنَهُمْ
١٩٩١ - وَبِهِ عَنْ أُبَيِّ بْنِ كَعْبٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: بَغْيًا بينهم يَقُولُ: بَغْيًا عَلَى الدُّنْيَا وَطَلَبَ مُلْكِهَا وَزُخْرُفِهَا وَزِينَتِهَا، أَيُّهُمْ يَكُونُ لَهُ الْمُلْكُ وَالْمَهَابَةُ فِي النَّاسِ فَبَغَى بَعْضُهُمْ عَلَى بَعْضٍ، وَضَرَبَ بَعْضُهُمْ رِقَابَ بَعْضٍ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى فَهَدَى اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا
١٩٩٢ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي الرَّبِيعِ، أَنْبَأَ عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ «١» ، أنبأ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ: فَهَدَى اللَّهُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لِمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِهِ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: نَحْنُ الآخِرُونَ الأَوَّلُونَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، نَحْنُ أَوَّلُ النَّاسِ دُخُولا الْجَنَّةَ، بَيْدَ أَنَّهُمْ أُوتُوا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ قَبْلِنَا، وَأُوتِينَا الْكِتَابَ مِنْ بَعْدِهِمْ فَهَدَانَا اللَّهُ لِمَا اخْتَلَفُوا فِيهِ مِنَ الْحَقِّ بِإِذْنِهِ، فَهَذَا الْيَوْمُ الَّذِي هَدَانَا اللَّهُ لَهُ، وَالنَّاسُ لَنَا تَبَعٌ فِيهِ، غَدًا لِلْيَهُودِ، وَبَعْدَ غَدٍ للنصارى «٢» .
(١) . التفسير ١/ ٩٩.(٢) . البخاري ١/ ٢١١ كتاب الجمعة.
