Muslimah b. Qa'nab, Ya'qub b. 'Abd al-Rahman b. 'Abd al-Qari' reported to us, he said: I said to Zayd b. Aslam: Who are "those who seek forgiveness at the hours of the dawn"? He said: They are those who attend the Morning Prayer.
The third interpretation:
3302 - My father narrated to us, 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Tanafisi and Hammad b. Zadan reported to us, they said: al-Walid b. Muslim reported to us, he said: I asked 'Abd al-Rahman b. Yazid b. Jabir about the saying of Allah: "And those who seek forgiveness at the hours of the dawn," and he said: Sulayman b. Musa narrated to me, Nafi' narrated to me that Ibn 'Umar used to spend the night in prayer, and he would say: "O Nafi', has the dawn arrived?" He would say: "No." So he would return to prayer. Then when I would say: "Yes," he would sit and seek forgiveness from Allah and supplicate until morning.
His saying, the Exalted: "Allah bears witness that there is no god but He"
[The first interpretation]
3303 - 'Ali b. al-Husayn narrated to us, Muhammad b. al-Mutawakkil al-'Asqalani reported to us, 'Umar b. Hafs b. Thabit Abu Sa'id al-Ansari reported to us, 'Abd al-Malik b. Yahya b. 'Abbad b. 'Abd Allah b. al-Zubayr narrated to me, from his father, from his grandfather, that he recited this verse: "Allah bears witness that there is no god but He," and said: "And I bear witness, O my Lord."
And the second interpretation:
3304 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Amr b. Hammad reported to us, Asbat b. Nasr reported to us, from al-Suddi, regarding: "Allah bears witness that there is no god but He, and the angels, and those possessed of knowledge," for Allah, He and the angels have borne witness.
3305 - Muhammad b. Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah reported to us, he said: Muhammad b. Ishaq said: "Allah bears witness that there is no god but He, and the angels, and those possessed of knowledge," contrary to what they said.
His saying: "There is no god but He" Its interpretation has preceded (in the book), report no. 17-18.
His saying, the Exalted: "The angels and those possessed of knowledge"
3306 - My father narrated to us, Hisham b. 'Ammar reported to us, al-Hakim, meaning Ibn Hisham, reported to us, Abu Talib narrated to me, he said: Whoever knows Allah and bears witness to what Allah has borne witness to, then he is the one who possesses knowledge. Then he recited: "Allah bears witness that there is no god but He, and the angels, and those possessed of knowledge, standing for justice."
(1). Ibn Kathir 2/18, al-Durr al-Manthur fi al-Tafsir bi-al-Ma'thur 2/164.
مَسْلَمَةَ بْنِ قَعْنَبٍ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْقَارِئِ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِزَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ: مَا الْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالأَسْحَارِ؟ قَالَ: هُمُ الَّذِينَ يَشْهَدُونَ صَلاةَ الصُّبْحِ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٣٣٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّنَافِسِيُّ، وَحَمَّادُ بْنُ زَادَانَ قَالا: ثنا الْوَلِيدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ يَزِيدَ بْنِ جَابِرٍ عَنْ قَوْلِ اللَّهِ:
وَالْمُسْتَغْفِرِينَ بِالأَسْحَارِ فَقَالَ: حدثني سليمان ابن مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنِي نَافِعٌ أَنَّ ابْنَ عُمَرَ كَانَ يُحْيِي اللَّيْلَ صَلاةً فَيَقُولُ: يَا نَافِعُ: أَسْحَرْنَا؟ فَيَقُولُ: لَا. فَيُعَاوِدُ الصَّلاةَ فَإِذَا قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ، قَعَدَ يَسْتَغْفِرُ اللَّهَ وَيَدْعُو حَتَّى يُصْبِحَ «١» .
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلا هو
[الوجه الأول]
٣٣٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ الْعَسْقَلانِيُّ، ثنا عُمَرُ بْنُ حَفْصِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَنْصَارِيُّ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ الْمَلِكِ بْنُ يَحْيَى بْنِ عَبَّادِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَرَأَ هَذِهِ الْآيَةَ: شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إلا هو قَالَ: وَأَنَا أَشْهَدُ أَيْ رَبِّ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٣٣٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ ثنا عَمْرُو بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطُ بْنُ نَصْرٍ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَالْمَلَائِكَةُ وأولوا الْعِلْمِ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ شَهِدَ هُوَ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ
٣٣٠٥ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هو والملائكة وأولوا الْعِلْمِ بِخِلَافِ مَا قَالُوا.
قَوْلُهُ: لَا إِلَهَ إلا هو
قد تقدم تفسيره. أثر رقم ١٧- ١٨
قوله تعالى: الملائكة وأولوا الْعِلْمِ
٣٣٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، ثنا الْحَكِيمُ يَعْنِي ابْنَ هِشَامٍ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو طَالِبٍ قَالَ: مَنْ عَرَفَ اللَّهَ وَشَهِدَ بِمَا شَهِدَ بِهِ اللَّهُ فَهُوَ الْعَالِمُ ثُمَّ تَلا: شَهِدَ اللَّهُ أَنَّهُ لَا إِلَهَ إِلَّا هُوَ وَالْمَلائِكَةُ وأولوا العلم قائما.
(١) . ابن كثير ٢/ ١٨، الدر المنثور في التفسير بالمأثور ٢/ ١٦٤.