And by the same chain, from Sa'id b. Jubayr regarding the saying of Allah: "Every soul," whether righteous or wicked.
And by the same chain, from Sa'id regarding the saying of Allah: "What it earned," meaning: what it did of good or evil. And by the same chain, regarding His saying: "And they will not be wronged," meaning: in their deeds.
His saying, the Exalted: "Say: O Allah, Owner of the Sovereignty"
3349 - My father narrated to us, al-Hasan b. al-Rabi' reported to us, Ibn Idris reported to us, Muhammad b. Ishaq reported to us, regarding His saying: "Say: O Allah, Owner of the Sovereignty," the sovereignty of Prophethood through which He honored whomsoever followed it, and through which He humiliated whomsoever opposed it.
3350 - Muhammad b. Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah reported to us, he said: Muhammad b. Ishaq said: "Say: O Allah, Owner of the Sovereignty," meaning: Lord of the servants, the King who judges among them, and none other than Him judges.
His saying, the Exalted: "You give sovereignty to whom You will"
[The First Aspect]
3351 - Ahmad b. 'Amr b. Abi 'Asim narrated to us: My father reported to us, from my grandfather, from Shabib, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "You give sovereignty to whom You will," he said: Prophethood. Abu Muhammad said: Something similar has been narrated from Mujahid and al-Hasan.
[The Second Aspect]
3352 - My father narrated to me, Ahmad b. 'Abd al-Rahman reported to us, 'Abd Allah b. Abi Ja'far reported to us, from his father, regarding His saying: "Say: O Allah, Owner of the Sovereignty, You give sovereignty to whom You will," up to His saying: "Indeed, You are over all things competent," Qatadah said: It was mentioned to us that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, asked His Lord to grant the sovereignty of Byzantium and Persia to his nation, so Allah, the Almighty and Exalted, revealed: "Say: O Allah, Owner of the Sovereignty, You give sovereignty to whom You will."
[The Third Aspect]
3353 - My father narrated to us, 'Ali b. Muhammad al-Tanafisi reported to us, Ishaq b. Sulayman informed us, from 'Amr b. Malik, from Abu al-Jawza', from Ibn 'Abbas, he said: The greatest name of Allah is in: "Say: O Allah, Owner of the Sovereignty, You give sovereignty to whom You will," up to His saying: "And You give provision to whom You will without account."
وَبِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بَرٌّ أَوْ فَاجِرٌ
، وَبِهِ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: مَا كَسَبَتْ يَعْنِي: مَا عَمِلَتْ مِنْ خَيْرٍ أَوْ شَرٍّ. وَبِهِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَهُمْ لا يُظْلَمُونَ يَعْنِي: مِنْ أَعْمَالِهِمْ.
قَولُهُ تَعَالَى: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمَلِكِ
٣٣٤٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ الرَّبِيعِ، ثنا ابْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ قَوْلُهُ: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمَلِكِ مُلكُ النُّبُوَّةِ الَّذِي أَعَزَّ بِهِ مَنِ اتَّبَعَهُ، وَأَذَلَّ بِهِ مَنْ خَالَفَهُ.
٣٣٥٠ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ ابْنُ إِسْحَاقَ: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمُلْكِ أَيْ رَبُّ الْعِبَادِ، الْمَلِكُ الَّذِي لَا يَقْضِي فِيهِمْ غَيْرُهُ.
قَولُهُ تَعَالَى: تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تشاء
[الوجه الأول]
٣٣٥١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ أَبِي عَاصِمٍ: ثنا أَبِي، عَنْ جَدِّي، عَنْ شَبِيبٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ قَالَ النُّبُوَّةُ. قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالْحَسَنِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٣٣٥٢ - حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَوْلُهُ: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: إِنَّكَ عَلَى كُلِّ شَيْءٍ قَدِيرٌ قَالَ قَتَادَةُ: ذُكِرَ لَنَا أَنّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ سَأَلَ رَبَّهُ أَنْ يَجْعَلَ مُلْكَ الرُّومِ وَفَارِسَ فِي أُمَّتِهِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ: قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تؤتي الملك من تَشَاءُ
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٣٣٥٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الطَّنَافِسِيُّ، أنبأ إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الْجَوْزَاءِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: اسْمُ اللَّهِ الأَعْظَمُ قُلِ اللَّهُمَّ مَالِكَ الْمُلْكِ تُؤْتِي الْمُلْكَ مَنْ تَشَاءُ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ: وَتَرْزُقُ مَنْ تَشَاءُ بِغَيْرِ حِسَابٍ
