[The saying of the Almighty: "And whatever you do of good"]
Its interpretation has preceded.
The saying of the Almighty: "Indeed, Allah is Knowing of it."
2011 - Musa b. Harun al-Tusi narrated to us, in what he wrote to me, al-Husayn b. Muhammad al-Marwudhi narrated to us, Shayban narrated to us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "Indeed, Allah is Knowing of it," he said: "That is preserved with Allah; He is knowledgeable of it, appreciative of it. And there is nothing more appreciative than Allah, and nothing more rewarding of good than Allah."
The saying of the Almighty: "Fighting has been enjoined upon you."
[The First Aspect]
2012 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya b. 'Abd Allah b. Bukayr narrated to us, 'Abd Allah b. Lahi'ah narrated to us, 'Ata' b. Dinar informed me, from Sa'id b. Jubayr, regarding His saying: "Fighting has been enjoined upon you," and that is because Allah, Blessed and Exalted is He, commanded the Prophet, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and the believers in Makkah to Tawhid (monotheism), to establish prayer, to give Zakat, and to restrain their hands from fighting. When he migrated to Madinah, the rest of the obligations were revealed and they were permitted to fight. Thus, it was revealed: "Fighting has been enjoined upon you," meaning: it has been obligated upon you, and He permitted them [to fight] after He had forbidden them from it.
[The Second Aspect]
2013 - My father narrated to us, Yazid b. 'Abd al-'Aziz al-Tayalisi narrated to us, Khallad b. 'Abd Allah al-Wasiti narrated to us, from Husayn b. Qays, from 'Ikrimah, regarding His saying: "Fighting has been enjoined upon you, while it is hateful to you," he said: "This verse abrogated it: 'We hear and we obey.'"
2014 - My father narrated to us, Ibrahim b. Musa narrated to us, Hajjaj b. Muhammad narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, he said: I said to 'Ata': "What do you say regarding His saying: 'Fighting has been enjoined upon you, while it is hateful to you'? Does it make military expeditions (ghazw) obligatory upon the people because of it?" He said: "No, it was enjoined upon those people at that time."
[The Third Aspect]
2015 - Yunus b. 'Abd al-A'la informed us by way of reading, Ibn Wahb informed us, Khalid b. Humayd informed me, from Bakr b. 'Amr, from Ibn Shihab, regarding the saying of Allah: "Fighting has been enjoined upon you, while it is"
[قوله تعالى: وما تفعلوا من خير]
قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ
٢٠١١ - حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ هَارُونَ الطُّوسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ الْمَرُّوذِيُّ، ثنا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، قَوْلُهُ: فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ بِهِ عَلِيمٌ قَالَ: مَحْفُوظٌ ذَلِكَ عِنْدَ اللَّهِ، عَالِمٌ بِهِ شَاكِرٌ لَهُ وَأَنَّهُ لَا شَيْءَ أَشْكَرَ مِنَ اللَّهِ وَلا أَجْزَأَ بِخَيْرٍ مِنَ اللَّهِ.
قَوْلُهُ تعالى: كتب عليكم القتال
[الوجه الأول]
٢٠١٢ - حدثنا أبو زرعة، ثنا نحيى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ أَخْبَرَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ اللَّهَ تَبَارَكَ وَتَعَالَى أَمَرَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ بِمَكَّةَ، بِالتَّوْحِيدِ وَإِقَامِ الصَّلاةِ، وَإِيتَاءِ الزَّكَاةِ وَأَنْ يَكُفُّوا أَيْدِيَهُمْ عَنِ الْقِتَالِ، فَلَمَّا هَاجَرَ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ، نَزَلَتْ سَائِرُ الْفَرَائِضِ وَأُذِنَ لَهُمْ فِي الْقِتَالِ، فَنَزَلَتْ: كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ يَعْنِي فُرِضَ عَلَيْكُمْ، وَأَذِنَ لَهُمْ بَعْدَ مَا كَانَ نَهَاهُمْ عَنْهُ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٢٠١٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الطَّيَالِسِيُّ، ثنا خَلادُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، عَنْ حُسَيْنِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، فِي قَوْلِهِ: كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ كُرْهٌ لَكُمْ قَالَ: نَسَخَتْهَا هَذِهِ الآيَةُ: سَمِعْنَا وَأَطَعْنَا
٢٠١٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ: قُلْتُ لِعَطَاءٍ: مَا تَقُولُ فِي قَوْلِهِ: كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ كُرْهٌ لَكُمْ أَوَجَبَ الْغَزْوُ عَلَى النَّاسِ مِنْ أَجْلِهَا؟ قَالَ: لَا، كُتِبَ عَلَى أُولَئِكَ حِينَئِذٍ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٢٠١٥ - أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى قِرَاءَةً، أَنْبَأَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ أَخْبَرَنِي خَالِدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، عَنْ بَكْرِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِتَالُ وَهُوَ
