2215 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad b. Isma'il b. Abi Dirar narrated to us, Abu Tumaylah narrated to us, from al-Husayn b. Waqid, from Yazid al-Nahwi, from 'Ikrimah and al-Hasan, both said: A man used to consume from the wealth of his wife, the gift (nihlah) which he had gifted her, and other things, not seeing any blame upon himself in doing so, until Allah, the Most High, revealed: "And it is not lawful for you to take of what you have given them anything." Thus, it was no longer proper for them after this verse to take anything from their wealth except by her right.
His saying: "Except if they both fear that they will not maintain the limits of Allah"
2216 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Isma'il b. 'Ulayyah narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, he said: Tawus used to say: Redemption (fida') is not lawful except as Allah said: "Except if they both fear that they will not maintain the limits of Allah." He would not repeat the saying of the foolish ones: "It is not lawful until she says: I will not perform the ritual bath (ghusl) from sexual impurity for you." Rather, he used to say: "That they will not maintain the limits of Allah" refers to what He has made mandatory for each of them regarding his companion in terms of companionship and association.
2217 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih the scribe of al-Layth narrated to us, Mu'awiyah b. Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali b. Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding: "And it is not lawful for you to take of what you have given them anything, except if they both fear that they will not maintain the limits of Allah." [This applies] except if the rebellion (nushuz) and bad character are on her part, and she calls you to allow her to redeem herself from you; then there is no blame upon you in that with which she redeems herself.
2218 - 'Isam b. Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, Isra'il narrated to us, from Jabir, from Mujahid, regarding: "Except if they both fear that they will not maintain the limits of Allah," he said: Except if they both fear that they will not obey Allah.
2219 - Yunus b. 'Abd al-A'la informed us by way of reading, Ibn Wahb informed us, al-Layth b. Sa'd informed us, from Sa'id b. Abi Hilal, from Zayd b. Aslam, regarding: "Except if they both fear that they will not maintain the limits of Allah," he said: When the woman fears that she will not fulfill the right of her husband, and the husband fears that he will not fulfill her right, then there is no blame in the redemption (fidyah).
(1). In the original [manuscript it is written] "nahalaha" (she gifted it to her), see al-Durr 1/669.
٢٢١٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي ضِرَارٍ، ثنا أَبُو تُمَيْلَةَ عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، وَالْحَسَنِ، قَالا: كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يَأْكُلُ مِنْ مَالِ امْرَأَتِهِ نِحْلَتَهُ «١» الَّذِي نَحَلَهَا وَغَيْرُهُ، لَا يَرَى أَنَّ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ جُنَاحًا، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَلا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا فَلا يَصْلُحُ لَهُمْ بَعْدَ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ، أَخْذَ شَيْءٍ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِنَّ إِلا بِحَقِّهَا.
قَوْلُهُ: إِلا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ
٢٢١٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عُلَيَّةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ قَالَ:
كَانَ طَاوُسٌ يَقُولُ: لَا يَحِلُّ الْفِدَاءُ إِلا كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ إِلا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ يَقُولُ قَوْلَ السُّفَهَاءِ. لَا يَحِلُّ حَتَّى تَقُولَ: لَا أَغْتَسِلُ لَكَ مِنْ جَنَابَةٍ، وَلَكِنَّهُ كَانَ يَقُولُ: أَلا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ فِيمَا افْتَرَضَ لِكُلِّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا عَلَى صَاحِبِهِ فِي الْعِشْرَةِ وَالصُّحْبَةِ.
٢٢١٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَلَا يَحِلُّ لَكُمْ أَنْ تَأْخُذُوا مِمَّا آتَيْتُمُوهُنَّ شَيْئًا إِلَّا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلَّا يُقِيمَا حدود اللَّهِ إِلا أَنْ يَكُونَ النُّشُوزُ وَسُوءُ الْخُلُقِ مِنْ قِبَلِهَا، فَتَدْعُوكَ إِلَى أَنْ تَفْتَدِيَ مِنْكَ، فَلا جُنَاحَ عَلَيْكَ فِيمَا افْتَدَتْ بِهِ.
٢٢١٨ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ إِلا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِلا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلا يُطِيعَا اللَّهَ.
٢٢١٩ - أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْأَعْلَى قِرَاءَةً، أبنا ابن وهب، أخبرنا الليث ابن سَعْدٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ أَبِي هِلالٍ، عَنْ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ إِلا أَنْ يَخَافَا أَلا يُقِيمَا حُدُودَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: إِذَا خَافَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ أَلا تُؤَدِّيَ حَقَّ زَوْجِهَا، وَخَافَ الرَّجُلُ أَلا يُؤَدِّيَ حَقَّهَا، فَلَا جناح في الفدية.
(١) . في الأصل نحلها، أنظر الدر ١/ ٦٦٩.
