4783 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Ibn Fudayl narrated to us, from Isma'il ibn Abi Khalid, from Abu Malik regarding "And do not give the foolish ones your wealth": Do not give them to your children so they may squander them.
4784 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salamah narrated to us, Hammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, from Yunus, from al-Hasan, regarding this verse: "And do not give the foolish ones your wealth," he said: Do not transfer your wealth to the minors.
His saying, the Exalted: "The foolish ones [al-sufaha']"
[The first perspective]
4785 - My father narrated to us, Hisham ibn 'Ammar narrated to us, Sadaqah ibn Khalid narrated to us, 'Uthman ibn Abi al-'Atikah narrated to us, from 'Ali ibn Yazid, from al-Qasim, from Abu Umamah, he said: The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "And indeed, women are the foolish ones, except for the one who obeys her guardian."
4786 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Mu'awiyah narrated to us, from Juwaybir, from al-Dahhak, from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding His saying: "And do not give the foolish ones your wealth," he said: They are your children and your women.
Abu Muhammad said:
It was narrated from Ibn Mas'ud, al-Hakam ibn 'Utaybah, al-Dahhak, and al-Hasan that they said: Women and children.
It was narrated from Mujahid, 'Ikrimah, and Qatadah that they said: Women.
[The second perspective]
4787 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Waki' and Ibn Yaman narrated to us, from Sharik, from Salim, from Sa'id, regarding His saying: "And do not give the foolish ones your wealth," he said: The orphans.
[The third perspective]
4788 - It was mentioned from Muslim ibn Ibrahim, Harb ibn Surayj narrated to us, from Mu'awiyah ibn Qurrah, from Abu Hurayrah: "And do not give the foolish ones your wealth," he said: The servants, and they are the devils of mankind, and they are the servants.
His saying, the Exalted: "Your wealth [amwalakum]"
4789 - My father narrated to us, al-Hasan ibn Muhammad ibn al-Sabah narrated to us, Hajjaj narrated to us, from Ibn Jurayj, from 'Ata': "And do not give the foolish ones your wealth," he said: Regarding the wealth of their families.
4790 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Abu 'Amir ibn Barrad narrated to us, Yahya ibn Abi Bukayr narrated to us, Sharik narrated to us, from Salim, from Sa'id: "The foolish ones... your wealth," he said: Their wealth [amwalahum]. He said: It is like His saying: "And do not kill yourselves."
(1). Al-Tafsir, 1/145 [.....]
٤٧٨٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا ابْنُ فُضَيْلٍ، عَنْ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ أَبِي خَالِدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي مالك ولا تؤتوا السفهاء أموالكم: لَا تُعْطُوهَا أَوْلَادَكُمْ لِيُفْسُدُوهَا.
٤٧٨٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو سَلَمَةَ، ثنا حَمَّادٌ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ، فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ: وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ قَالَ: لَا تَنْحِلُوا الصِّغَارَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: السفهاء
[الوجه الأول]
٤٧٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا هِشَامُ بْنُ عَمَّارٍ، ثنا صَدَقَةُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي الْعَاتِكَةِ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، عَنِ الْقَاسِمِ، عَنْ أَبِي أُمَامَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: وَإِنَّ النِّسَاءَ هُنَّ السُّفَهَاءُ إِلا الَّتِي أَطَاعَتْ قَيِّمَهَا.
٤٧٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا مُعَاوِيَةُ، عَنْ جُوَيْبِرٍ، عَنِ الضَّحَّاكِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ قَالَ: هُمْ بَنُوكَ وَالنِّسَاءُ
-
وَقَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ:
وَرُوِيَ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ وَالْحَكَمِ بْنِ عُتَيْبَةَ، وَالضَّحَّاكِ، وَالْحَسَنِ قَالُوا: النِّسَاءُ وَالصِّبْيَانُ-
وَرُوِيَ عَنِ مُجَاهِدٍ «١» وَعِكْرِمَةَ، وَقَتَادَةَ قَالُوا: النِّسَاءُ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٤٧٨٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا وَكِيعٌ وَابْنُ يَمَانٍ، عَنْ شَرِيكٍ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ قَالَ: الْيَتَامَى
: وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٤٧٨٨ - ذُكِرَ عَنْ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، ثنا حَرْبُ بْنُ سُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ مُعَاوِيَةَ بْنِ قُرَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ: وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ قَال: الْخَدَمُ وَهُمْ شَيَاطِينُ الإِنْسِ وَهُمُ الْخَدَمُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَمْوَالَكُمْ
٤٧٨٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الصَّبَّاحِ، ثنا حَجَّاجٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ عَطَاءٍ: وَلا تُؤْتُوا السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ قَالَ: فِي أَمْوَالِ أَهْلِيهِمْ.
٤٧٩٠ - حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا أَبُو عَامِرِ بْنُ بَرَّادٍ، ثنا يحيى بن أبي بكير، ثنا شَرِيكٌ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدٍ: السُّفَهَاءَ أَمْوَالَكُمْ قَالَ: أَمْوَالُهُمْ قَالَ: هُوَ كَقَوْلِهِ: وَلا تَقْتُلُوا أنفسكم.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ١٤٥ [.....]