The third interpretation:
4819 - My father narrated to me, Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us, al-Mubarak narrated to us, from al-Hasan regarding the saying of Allah the Exalted: "And whoever is rich, let him abstain," he said: The guardian of the orphan's wealth, if he is rich, let him abstain from consuming anything from their wealth.
His saying, the Exalted: "Let him abstain"
[The first interpretation]
4820 - Ahmad ibn Sinan narrated to us, Abu Ahmad al-Zubayri narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Layla and al-A'mash, from al-Hakam, from Miqsam, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding his saying: "And whoever is rich, let him abstain," he said: With his wealth, he shall not take anything from it. - Abu Muhammad said: It was narrated from Abu al-'Aliyah, Mujahid, Sa'id ibn Jubayr, al-Hasan, al-Nakha'i, al-Hakam, Muqatil ibn Hayyan, and al-Suddi similar to that.
[The second interpretation]
4821 - Sulayman ibn Dawud ibn Nusayr, the freedman of 'Abd Allah ibn Ja'far ibn Abi Talib, narrated to us, Sahl ibn 'Uthman al-'Askari narrated to us, Yahya ibn Zakariyya ibn Abi Za'idah narrated to us, Isra'il narrated to us, from 'Ata' ibn al-Sa'ib, from 'Amir regarding His saying: "And whoever is rich, let him abstain," he said: It is for him like carrion and blood.
[The third interpretation]
4822 - Ahmad ibn 'Isam narrated to us, Abu Ahmad—meaning: al-Zubayri—narrated to us, Mis'ar narrated to us, from Ibrahim ibn Muhammad ibn al-Muntashir, he said: 'Umar said: Seek wealth in [maintaining] the bond of kinship. His saying: "And whoever is rich, let him abstain."
His saying, the Exalted: "And whoever is poor, let him eat"
4823 - al-Ashajj and Harun ibn Ishaq narrated to us, both saying: 'Abdah ibn Sulayman narrated to us, from Hisham ibn 'Urwah, from his father, from 'Aisha: "And whoever is poor, let him eat with kindness," she said: It was revealed concerning the guardian of the orphan who oversees him and manages his affairs, if he is in need, that he may eat from it.
[His saying, the Exalted: "Let him eat with kindness"]
[The first interpretation]
4824 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Abu Khalid al-Ahmar narrated to us, from Husayn al-Maktab, from 'Amr ibn Shu'ayb, from his father, from his grandfather, he said: A man came to the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and said: I have an orphan with me who has wealth, and I have nothing, so what may I eat from his wealth? He said: "With kindness, without being extravagant."
(1). Al-Hakim 2/47.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٤٨١٩ - حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا الْمُبَارَكُ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيّاً فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ قَالَ: وَالِي مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ إِنْ كَانَ غَنِيّاً فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ، أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ أَمْوَالِهِمْ شَيْئاً.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فليستعفف
[الوجه الأول]
٤٨٢٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ الزُّبَيْرِيُّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ ابْنِ أَبِي لَيْلَى وَالأَعْمَشُ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيّاً فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ قَالَ: بِغِنَاهُ لَا يُصِيبُ مِنْهُ شَيْئاً- قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: وَرُوِيَ عَنِ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ، وَسَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، وَالْحَسَنِ، وَالنَّخَعِيِّ، وَالْحَكَمِ، وَمُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ، وَالسُّدِّيِّ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٤٨٢١ - حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ دَاوُدَ بْنِ نُصَيْرٍ مَوْلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، ثنا سَهْلُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ الْعَسْكَرِيُّ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ زَكَرِيَّا بْنِ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، ثنا إِسْرَائِيلُ، عَنْ عَطَاءِ بْنِ السَّائِبِ، عَنْ عَامِرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيّاً فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ قَالَ: هُوَ عَلَيْهِ كَالْمَيْتَةِ وَالدَّمِ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٤٨٢٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِصَامٍ، ثنا أَبُو أَحْمَدَ يَعْنِي: الزُّبَيْرِيَّ، ثنا مِسْعَرٌ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْمُنْتَشِرِ قَالَ: قَالَ عُمَرُ: الْتَمِسُوا الْغِنَى فِي الْبَاهِ، قَوْلُهُ:
وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيّاً فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيراً فَلْيَأْكُلْ
٤٨٢٣ - حَدَّثَنَا الأَشَجُّ وَهَارُونُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ قَالا: ثنا عَبْدَةُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ، عَنْ هِشَامِ بْنِ عُرْوَةَ عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ: وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيراً فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ قَالَتْ: نَزَلَتْ فِي وَلِيِّ الْيَتِيمِ الَّذِي يَقُومُ عَلَيْهِ وَيُصْلِحُهُ إِذَا كَانَ مُحْتَاجاً أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْهُ.
[قوله تعالى: فليأكل بالمعروف]
[الوجه الأول]
٤٨٢٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو خَالِدٍ الأَحْمَرُ، عَنْ حُسَيْنٍ الْمُكْتِبِ، عَنْ عَمْرُو بْنُ شُعَيْبٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ قَالَ: جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالَ: إِنَّ عِنْدِي يَتِيماً لَهُ مَالٌ، وَلَيْسَ عِنْدِي شَيْءٌ، فَمَا آكُلُ مِنْ مَالِهِ؟ قَالَ: بالمعروف غير مسرف «١» .
(١) . الحاكم ٢/ ٤٧
