The second interpretation:
4825 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Waki' narrated to us, from 'Ali ibn Abi Salih, from al-Suddi, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding his saying: "And whoever is poor, let him eat with kindness," he said: He may eat with three fingers.
[Those who mandated that the guardian of the orphan may eat from the outskirts and edges of his wealth]
4826 - My father narrated to us, Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us, al-Mubarak narrated to us, from al-Hasan: "And whoever is poor"—meaning one who manages their affairs and improves them—"let him eat from the outskirts of their wealth and its edges with kindness."
[The second interpretation: Those who mandated that the guardian of the orphan may eat according to the extent of his service]
4827 - My father narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Sa'id al-Asbahani narrated to us, 'Ali ibn Mushir reported to us, from Hisham, from his father, from 'Aisha, she said: This verse was revealed concerning the orphan: "And whoever is rich, let him abstain, and whoever is poor, let him eat with kindness"—meaning according to the extent of his service to him. - Abu Muhammad said: It was narrated from Abu al-'Aliyah similar to that.
[The third interpretation: That he should eat from his own wealth with kindness]
4828 - Ahmad ibn Sinan narrated to us, 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi narrated to us, Sufyan narrated to us, from al-Hakam, from Miqsam, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding: "And whoever is poor, let him eat with kindness," he said: He should eat from his own wealth; he should provide sustenance for himself so that he does not need the orphan's wealth. - Abu Muhammad said: It was narrated from Mujahid in one of the reports, and from Maymun ibn Mihran, and al-Hakam, similar to that.
[The fourth interpretation: That he may eat from the orphan's wealth as a loan]
4829 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, from 'Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding his saying: "Let him eat with kindness," meaning as a loan. - Abu Muhammad said: It was narrated from 'Ubaydah, Abu al-'Aliyah, Abu Wa'il, Sa'id ibn Jubayr in one of the reports, Mujahid, al-Dahhak, and al-Suddi similar to that.
(1). See Tafsir 'Abd al-Razzaq 1/149. (2). Al-Tafsir 1/146.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٤٨٢٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا وَكِيعٌ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيراً فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ قَالَ:
يَأْكُلُ بِالثَّلاثِ أَصَابِعَ.
مَنْ أَوْجَبَ لِوَالِي الْيَتِيمِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ حَوَاشِي مَالِهِ وَأَطْرَافِهِ
. [٤٨٢٦]
حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا مُبَارَكٌ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ: وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيراً وَهُوَ يَقُومُ لَهُمْ بِمَا يُصْلِحُهُمْ، فَلْيَأْكُلْ مِنْ حَوَاشِي أَمْوَالِهِمْ وَأَطْرَافِهِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
مَنْ أَوْجَبَ لِوَالِي الْيَتِيمِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ بِقَدْرِ قِيَامِهِ
: [٤٨٢٧]
حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الأَصْبَهَانِيُّ، أَنْبَأَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ مُسْهِرٍ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ قَالَتْ: أُنْزِلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ فِي الْيَتِيمِ وَمَنْ كَانَ غَنِيًّا فَلْيَسْتَعْفِفْ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيرًا فليأكل بِالْمَعْرُوفِ: بِقَدْرِ قِيَامِهِ عَلَيْهِ- قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ:
وَرُوِيَ عَنْ أَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ مَالِ نَفْسِهِ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ
: [٤٨٢٨]
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ، ثنا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، ثنا سُفْيَانُ، عَنِ الْحَكَمِ، عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ وَمَنْ كَانَ فَقِيراً فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ قَالَ: يَأْكُلُ مِنْ مَالِهِ، يَقُوتُ عَلَى نَفْسِهِ حَتَّى لَا يَحْتَاجَ إِلَى مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ. - قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ: وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ فِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَاتِ وَمَيْمُونِ بْنِ مِهْرَانَ، وَالْحَكَمِ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مِنْ مَالِ الْيَتِيمِ قَرْضاً
حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: فَلْيَأْكُلْ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ يَعْنِي الْقَرْضَ- قَالَ أَبُو مُحَمَّدٍ:
وَرُوِيَ عَنِ عُبَيْدَةَ، وَأَبِي الْعَالِيَةِ، وَأَبِي وَائِلٍ، وَسَعِيدِ «١» بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي إِحْدَى الرِّوَايَاتِ، وَمُجَاهِدٍ «٢» وَالضَّحَّاكِ، وَالسُّدِّيِّ نحو ذلك.
(١) . انظر تفسير عبد الرزاق ١/ ١٤٩.(٢) . التفسير ١/ ١٤٦.