His saying, the Almighty: "and the needy"
4855 - And by the same chain from Ibn 'Abbas regarding: "And when those of kinship are present at the division, as well as the orphans and the needy," he said: Allah the Almighty commanded the believers, at the time of dividing their inheritances, to uphold their ties of kinship, their orphans, and their needy from the bequest, if he had made a bequest to them. If there was no bequest for them, he would provide to them from their inheritances.
[His saying, the Almighty: "so provide for them from it"]
[That it is Muhkam (unabrogated)]
Those who interpreted the verse as being Muhkam:
4856 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Ibn 'Ulayyah reported to us, from Yunus, from al-Hasan: They would be present and would be given a share, and something would be provided for them, meaning His saying: "so provide for them from it."
4857 - Yunus ibn Habib narrated to us, Abu Dawud reported to us, Shu'bah, Hushaym, and Abu 'Awanah all reported to us, from Abu Bishr, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding the saying of Allah the Almighty: "so provide for them from it," he said: There are two wards; one of them inherits, and the other does not inherit. The one who inherits is the one who clothes and provides. As for the one who does not inherit, he is the one who speaks a fair word, saying: "This is for other people, and we have no share of it."
4858 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Bukayr reported to us, Ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding His saying: "so provide for them from it": He says to the heirs: "Give them from the inheritance." It is not something fixed, so they are given before the division, and the inheritance is then divided.
4859 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Ibn 'Ulayyah reported to us, from Yunus, from Muhammad, from 'Ubaydah regarding His saying: "And when those of kinship are present at the division, as well as the orphans and the needy," he said: 'Ubaydah was put in charge of a bequest, so he ordered a sheep and it was slaughtered, and he fed those meant by this verse and said: "Were it not for this verse, this would have been from my own wealth."
4860 - My father narrated to us, Ibrahim ibn Musa reported to us, Yahya ibn Yaman reported to us, from Sufyan, from al-Shaybani, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas regarding His saying: "so provide for them from it," he said: It is Muhkam and not abrogated.
(1). Du'a Ibn Kathir 2/192.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَالْمَسَاكِينُ
٤٨٥٥ - وَبِهِ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: وَإِذَا حَضَرَ الْقِسْمَةَ أُوْلُواْ الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينُ قَالَ: أَمَرَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ عِنْدَ قِسْمَةِ مَوَارِيثِهِمْ أَنْ يَصِلُوا أَرْحَامَهُمْ وأيتامهم ومساكنهم مِنَ الْوَصِيَّةِ إِنْ كَانَ أَوْصَى لَهُمْ، فَإِنْ لَمْ يَكُنْ لَهُمْ وَصِيَّةٌ وَصَلَ إِلَيْهِمْ مِنْ مواريثهم.
[قوله تعالى: فارزقوهم منه]
[أنها محكمة]
مَنْ فَسَّرَ الْآيَةَ أَنَّهَا مُحْكَمَةٌ:
٤٨٥٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ: كَانُوا يَحْضُرُونَ فَيُعْطَوْنَ الْخَلْقَ، وَيُرْضَخُ لَهُمُ الشَّيْءُ يَعْنِي قَوْلَهُ: فَارْزُقُوهُمْ مِنْهُ.
٤٨٥٧ - حَدَّثَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ حَبِيبٍ، ثنا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، ثنا شُعْبَةُ، وَهُشَيْمٌ، وَأَبُو عَوَانَةَ كُلُّهُمْ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ تَعَالَى فَارْزُقُوهُمْ مِنْهُ قَالَ:
هُمَا وَلِيَّانِ فَأَحَدُهُمَا يَرِثُ، وَالآخَرُ لَا يَرِثُ، فَالَّذِي يَرِثُ فَهُوَ الَّذِي يَكْسُو وَيَرْزُقُ، وَأَمَّا الَّذِي لَا يَرِثُ، فَهُوَ الَّذِي يَقُولُ قَوْلا مَعْرُوفاً يَقُولُ: هَذَا لِقَوْمٍ آخَرِينَ وَمَا لَنَا مِنْهُ شَيْءٌ.
٤٨٥٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَارْزُقُوهُمْ مِنْهُ: يَقُولُ لِلْوَرَثَةِ أَعْطَوْهُمْ مِنَ الْمِيرَاثِ، وَلَيْسَ بِشَيْءٍ مَوْقُوفٍ فَيُعْطَوْنَ قَبْلَ الْقِسْمَةِ فَيُقْسَمُ الْمِيرَاثُ.
٤٨٥٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ، عَنْ يُونُسَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، عَنْ عَبِيدَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِذَا حَضَرَ الْقِسْمَةَ أُوْلُواْ الْقُرْبَى وَالْيَتَامَى وَالْمَسَاكِينُ قَالَ: وَلِيَ عُبَيْدَةُ وَصِيَّتَهُ فَأَمَرَ بِشَاةٍ، فَذُبِحَتْ، فَأَطْعَمَ أَصْحَابَ هَذِهِ الآيَةِ وَقَالَ: لَوْلا هَذِهِ الآيَةُ لَكَانَ هَذَا مِنْ مَالِي «١» .
٤٨٦٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بْنُ مُوسَى، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَمَانٍ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنِ الشَّيْبَانِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: فَارْزُقُوهُمْ مِنْهُ قَالَ: هي محكمة وليست بمنسوخة.
(١) . دعاء ابن كثير ٢/ ١٩٢.
