His saying, the Exalted: "Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you?"
5547 - Muhammad ibn 'Awf al-Himsi narrated to us, Abu al-Yaman narrated to us, Safwan—meaning ibn 'Amr—narrated to us, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas, who said: Abu Burdah al-Aslami was a soothsayer who used to judge between the Jews. Some people from Aslam among the Jews went to him for arbitration, so Allah the Exalted revealed: "Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you?"
5548 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you?" He said: A man from the hypocrites and a man from the Jews disputed. The hypocrite said: "Take us to Ka'b ibn al-Ashraf," and the Jew said: "Take us to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him."
5549 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "Have you not seen those who claim to have believed in what was revealed to you and what was revealed before you," to the end of "wishing to seek judgment from the Taghut [false judge]." He said: Some people from the Jews had accepted Islam, and some of them became hypocrites. In the pre-Islamic era (Jahiliyyah), if a man from the Banu al-Nadir was killed, the Banu Qurayzah would kill one of them in retribution. If a man from the Banu Qurayzah was killed, the Banu al-Nadir would give them blood money of sixty wasq of dates. When some people from Qurayzah and al-Nadir accepted Islam, a man from the Banu al-Nadir killed a man from the Banu Qurayzah. They sought judgment from the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. The Nadiri said: "O Messenger of Allah, we used to give them blood money in the Jahiliyyah, so we will give them blood money today." The Qurayzah said: "No, rather we are your brothers in lineage and religion; our blood is like your blood, but you used to overpower us in the Jahiliyyah. Now Islam has come." Allah the Exalted revealed this, rebuking them for what they did, and said: "And We ordained for them therein that a life for a life," rebuking them. Then He mentioned the saying of the Nadiri: "We used to give them sixty wasq in the Jahiliyyah and we would kill one of them and they would not kill us [in return]." He said: "Then is it the judgment of the Jahiliyyah that they desire?" So he took the Nadiri and killed him for his companion. The Nadir and Qurayzah then boasted, with the Nadir saying: "We are more honorable than you," and the Qurayzah saying: "We are more honorable than you." They entered Medina to Abu Burdah the Aslami soothsayer. The hypocrites from Qurayzah and al-Nadir said: "Let us go to Abu Burdah to judge between us." The Muslims from Qurayzah and al-Nadir said: "No, rather to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, to judge between us."
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ
٥٥٤٧ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَوْفٍ الْحِمْصِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ، ثنا صَفْوَانُ: يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَمْرٍو-، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: كَانَ أَبُو بُرْدَةَ الأَسْلَمِيُّ كَاهِناً يَقْضِي بَيْنَ الْيَهُودِ، فَتَنَافَرُوا إِلَيْهِ أُنَاسٌ مِنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ
٥٥٤٨ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَهُ: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ قَالَ: تَنَازَعَ رَجُلٌ مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ فَقَالَ الْمُنَافِقُ: اذْهَبْ بِنَا إِلَى كَعْبِ بْنِ الْأَشْرَفِ، وَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: اذْهَبْ بِنَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
٥٥٤٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلَهُ: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ آمَنُوا بِمَا أُنْزِلَ إِلَيْكَ وَمَا أُنْزِلَ مِنْ قَبْلِكَ يريدون أن يتحاكموا إلى الطاغوت قَالَ: كَانَ نَاسٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ قَدْ أَسْلَمُوا وَنَافَقَ بَعْضُهُمْ، وَكَانَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ وَالنَّضِيرُ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ إِذَا قُتِلَ الرَّجُلُ مِنْ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ قَتَلْتُهُ بَنُو قُرَيْظَةَ، قَتَلُوا بِهِ مِنْهُمْ، فَإِذَا قُتِلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي قَرَيْظَةَ قَتَلْتُهُ بَنُو النَّضِيرِ أَعْطَوْا دِيَةً سِتِّينَ وَسْقاً مِنْ تَمْرٍ، فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَ نَاسٌ مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ، قَتَلَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ رَجُلا مِنْ بَنِي قَرَيْظَةَ، فَتَحَاكَمُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ النَّضِيرِيُّ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ. إِنَّا كُنَّا نُعْطِيهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الدِّيَةَ، فَنَحْنُ نُعْطِيهُمُ الْيَوْمَ الدِّيَةَ، فَقَالَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ: لَا، وَلَكِنَّا إِخْوَانُكُمْ فِي النسب والدين، دمائنا مِثْلُ دِمَاءِكُمْ، وَلَكِنَّكُمْ كُنْتُمْ تَغْلِبُونَا فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، فَقَدْ جَاءَ الإِسْلامُ فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى يُعَيِّرُهُمْ بِمَا فَعَلُوا فَقَالَ وَكَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ فِيهَا أَنَّ النَّفْسَ بِالنَّفْسِ يُعَيِّرُهُمْ ثُمَّ ذَكَرَ قَوْلَ النَّضِيرِيِّ: كُنَّا نُعْطِيهُمْ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ سِتِّينَ وَسْقاً وَنَقْتُلُ مِنْهُمْ وَلا يَقْتُلُونَا، فَقَالَ: أَفَحُكْمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَبْغُونَ.
فَأَخَذَ النَّضِيرِيَّ وقتله بِصَاحِبِهِ، فَتَفَاخَرَتِ النَّضِيرُ وَقُرَيْظَةُ، فَقَالَتِ النَّضِيرُ: نَحْنُ أَكْرَمُ مِنْكُمْ. وَقَالَتْ قُرَيْظَةُ: نَحْنُ أَكْرَمُ مِنْكُمْ، فَدَخَلُوا الْمَدِينَةَ إِلَى أَبِي بُرْدَةَ الْكَاهِنِ الأَسْلَمِيِّ. قَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ: انْطَلِقُوا بِنَا إِلَى أَبِي بُرْدَةَ يَنْفُرُ بَيْنَنَا قَالَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ مِنْ قُرَيْظَةَ وَالنَّضِيرِ: لَا، بَلْ إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَنْفُرُ بَيْنَنَا،
