The Third Aspect:
5561 - It was mentioned from al-Muqaddami, Ash'ath narrated to us, from Shu'bah, from Khalid al-Hadhdha', from 'Ikrimah regarding His saying: "But no, by your Lord, they will not [truly] believe until they make you, [O Muhammad], judge concerning that over which they dispute among themselves," he said: It was revealed concerning the Jews.
His saying, the Exalted: "Then they should not find within themselves any discomfort from what you have judged and should submit in [full] submission."
5562 - Al-Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "Then they should not find within themselves any discomfort from what you have judged," he said: Doubt.
His saying, the Exalted: "And if We had decreed upon them, 'Kill yourselves or leave your homes'"
5563 - And by the same chain from Mujahid, regarding His saying: "And if We had decreed upon them, 'Kill yourselves or leave your homes'"—they are the Jews, meaning the Arabs, just as He commanded the companions of Musa.
His saying, the Exalted: "they would not have done it, except for a few of them"
5564 - My father narrated to us, Abu al-Yaman narrated to us, Isma'il—meaning ibn 'Ayyash—narrated to us, from Safwan ibn 'Amr, from Shurayh ibn 'Ubayd, who said: When the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, recited this verse: "And if We had decreed upon them, 'Kill yourselves or leave your homes,' they would not have done it, except for a few of them," he signaled with his hand toward 'Abd Allah ibn Rawahah and said: "If Allah had decreed that, he would have been one of those few"—meaning Ibn Rawahah.
5565 - Ja'far ibn Munir narrated to us, Rawh narrated to us, Hisham narrated to us, from al-Hasan, who said: When this verse was revealed to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him: "And if We had decreed upon them, 'Kill yourselves or leave your homes,' they would not have done it, except for a few of them," some of the Prophet's companions said: "If our Lord had commanded us, we would have done it." This reached the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and he said: "Faith is more firmly rooted in the hearts of its people than the immovable mountains."
5566 - My father narrated to us, Mahmud ibn Ghaylan narrated to us, Bishr ibn al-Sari narrated to us, Mus'ab ibn Thabit narrated to us, from his paternal uncle 'Amir ibn 'Abd Allah ibn al-Zubayr, who said: When "And if We had decreed upon them, 'Kill yourselves...'" was revealed, Abu Bakr said: "O Messenger of Allah, by Allah, if you had commanded me to kill myself, I would have done it." He said: "You have spoken truly, O Abu Bakr."
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٥٥٦١ - ذُكِرَ عَنِ الْمُقَدَّمِيِّ، ثنا أَشْعَثُ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ عَنْ خَالِدٍ الْحَذَّاءِ عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَلا وَرَبِّكَ لَا يُؤْمِنُونَ حَتَّى يُحَكِّمُوكَ فِيمَا شَجَرَ بَيْنَهُمْ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي الْيَهُودِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجاً مِمَّا قَضَيْتَ ويسلموا تسليما
٥٥٦٢ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ ثنا شَبَابَةُ ثنا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَهُ: ثُمَّ لَا يَجِدُوا فِي أَنْفُسِهِمْ حَرَجًا مما قَضَيْتَ قَالَ: شَكّاً.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ أَوِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ دياركم
٥٥٦٣ - وَبِهِ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَوْلَهُ: وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ أَوِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ هُمْ يَهُودُ، يَعْنِي الْعَرَبَ كَمَا أَمَرَ أَصْحَابَ مُوسَى.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: مَا فَعَلُوهُ إِلا قَلِيلٌ مِنْهُمْ
٥٥٦٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو الْيَمَانِ ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ- يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَيَّاشٍ- عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو عَنْ شُرَيْحِ بْنِ عُبَيْدٍ قال: لما تلى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ أَوِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ مَا فَعَلُوهُ إِلا قَلِيلٌ مِنْهُمْ
أَشَارَ بِيَدِهِ إِلَى عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ رَوَاحَةَ، فَقَالَ: لَوْ أَنَّ اللَّهَ كَتَبَ ذَلِكَ لَكَانَ هَذَا مِنْ أُولَئِكَ الْقَلِيلِ- يَعْنِي ابْنَ رَوَاحَةَ.
٥٥٦٥ - حَدَّثَنَا جَعْفَرُ بْنُ مُنِيرٍ ثنا رَوْحٌ ثنا هِشَامٌ عَنِ الْحَسَنِ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ أَوِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ مَا فَعَلُوهُ إِلا قَلِيلٌ مِنْهُمْ قَالَ أُنَاسٌ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لَوْ فَعَلَ رَبُّنَا لَفَعَلْنَا، فَبَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: الإِيمَانُ أَثْبَتُ فِي قُلُوبِ أَهْلِهِ مِنَ الْجِبَالِ الرُّوَاسِي.
٥٥٦٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ غَيْلانَ ثنا بِشْرُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ ثنا مُصْعَبُ بْنُ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ عَامِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ قَالَ: لَمَّا نَزَلَتْ وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، وَاللَّهِ لَوْ أَمَرْتَنِي أَنْ أَقْتُلَ نَفْسِي لَفَعَلْتُ. قَالَ:
صَدَقْتَ يَا أَبَا بَكْرٍ.
