5567 - My father narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Abi 'Umar al-'Adani narrated to us, who said: Sufyan was asked about His saying: "And if We had decreed upon them, 'Kill yourselves or leave your homes,' they would not have done it, except for a few of them." The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: "If it had been revealed, Ibn Umm 'Abd [Ibn Mas'ud] would have been among them."
His saying, the Exalted: "But if they had done what they were instructed, it would have been better for them"
5568 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi, who said: Thabit ibn Qays ibn Shammas and a man from the Jews boasted to one another. The Jew said: "By Allah, Allah has decreed upon us that we kill ourselves, and we did kill ourselves." Thabit said: "By Allah, if it had been decreed upon us that we kill ourselves, we would have killed ourselves." Allah, the Exalted, revealed regarding this: "But if they had done what they were instructed, it would have been better for them and firmer [in determination]."
His saying, the Exalted: "and firmer [in determination]"
5569 - And by the same chain from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "and firmer [in determination]"—he said: [in] affirmation.
His saying, the Exalted: "And then We would have given them from Us a great reward"
5570 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Abu Usamah narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Ibn Jurayj, from 'Abbad, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr, regarding His saying: "from Us a great reward"—he said: Paradise. Similar to this was narrated from Abu Hurayrah, 'Ikrimah, Anas, al-Dahhak, and Qatadah.
His saying, the Exalted: "And We would have guided them to a straight path"
[The First Aspect]
5571 - Al-Hasan ibn 'Arafah narrated to us, Yahya ibn al-Yaman narrated to us, from Hamzah al-Zayyat, from Sa'd al-Ta'i, from the nephew of al-Harith al-A'war, from al-Harith, who said: I entered upon 'Ali ibn Abi Talib, and he said: I heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, saying: "The straight path is the Book of Allah."
And the Second Aspect:
5572 - My father narrated to us, Abu Salih, the scribe of al-Layth, narrated to us, Mu'awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me, that 'Abd al-Rahman ibn Jubayr narrated to him, from his father, from al-Nawwas ibn Sam'an al-Ansari, from the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, that he said: "A straight path," and the path is Islam.
(1). Al-Durr 2/181. (2). The previous reference.
٥٥٦٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ الْعَدَنِيُّ قَالَ: سُئِلَ سُفْيَانُ عَنْ قَوْلِهِ: وَلَوْ أَنَّا كَتَبْنَا عَلَيْهِمْ أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ أَوِ اخْرُجُوا مِنْ دِيَارِكُمْ مَا فَعَلُوهُ إِلا قَلِيلٌ مِنْهُمْ» قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: لَوْ نَزَلَتْ كَانَ ابْنُ أُمِّ عَبْدٍ مِنْهُمْ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ فَعَلُوا مَا يُوعَظُونَ بِهِ لكان خيراً لهم
٥٥٦٨ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَالَ: افْتَخَرَ ثَابِتُ بْنُ قَيْسِ «١» بْنِ شَمَّاسٍ وَرَجُلٌ مِنَ الْيَهُودِ، فَقَالَ الْيَهُودِيُّ: وَاللَّهِ لَقَدْ كَتَبَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْنَا أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ، فَقَتَلْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا، قَالَ ثَابِتٌ: وَاللَّهِ لَوْ كُتِبَ عَلَيْنَا أَنِ اقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ، لَقَتَلْنَا أَنْفُسَنَا «٢» ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي هَذَا: وَلَوْ أَنَّهُمْ فَعَلُوا مَا يُوعَظُونَ بِهِ لَكَانَ خَيْراً لَهُمْ وَأَشَدَّ تَثْبِيتاً.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَأَشَدَّ تَثْبِيتاً
٥٥٦٩ - وَبِهِ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلَهُ: وَأَشَدَّ تَثْبِيتاً قَالَ: تَصْدِيقاً.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَإِذاً لآتَيْنَاهُمْ مِنْ لَدُنَّا أَجْراً عَظِيماً
٥٥٧٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ عَنْ سُفْيَانَ عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ عَنْ عَبَّادٍ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَوْلَهُ: مِنْ لَدُنَّا أَجْراً عَظِيماً قَالَ: الْجَنَّةَ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ وَعِكْرِمَةَ وَأَنَسٍ، وَالضَّحَّاكِ وَقَتَادَةَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ،
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَلَهَدَيْنَاهُمْ صراطا مستقيما
[الوجه الأول]
٥٥٧١ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ عَرَفَةَ، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْيَمَانِ، عَنْ حَمْزَةَ الزَّيَّاتِ عَنْ سَعْدٍ الطَّائِيِّ عَنِ ابْنِ أَخِي الْحَارِثِ الأَعْوَرِ عَنِ الْحَارِثِ قَالَ: دَخَلْتُ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ، فَقَالَ: سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يَقُولُ: الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ: كِتَابُ اللَّهِ
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٥٥٧٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ جُبَيْرٍ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ أَبِيهِ عَنِ النَّوَّاسِ بْنِ سَمْعَانَ الأَنْصَارِيِّ، عَنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: صِرَاطاً مستقيما فالصراط: الإسلام.
(١) . الدر ٢/ ١٨١.(٢) . المرجع السابق.
