5627 - 'Isam ibn Rawwad narrated to us, Adam narrated to us, al-Mubarak ibn Fadalah narrated to us, from al-Hasan regarding His saying: "and give zakah" he said: A mandatory obligation; deeds are of no benefit except through it, along with the prayer. Similar to this was narrated from Qatadah.
5628 - I read to Muhammad ibn al-Fadl, Muhammad ibn 'Ali narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Muzahim informed us, Bukayr ibn Ma'ruf narrated to us, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan regarding His saying to the People of the Scripture: "and give zakah" He commanded them to give zakah, paying it to the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace).
[The third interpretation]
5629 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, 'Uthman ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us, Jarir narrated to us, from Abu Hayyan al-Taymi, from al-Harith al-'Ukli regarding His saying: "and give zakah" he said: Sadaqat al-Fitr (the charity of breaking the fast).
His saying, the Exalted: "Then when fighting was ordained for them, behold! A party of them feared men as they fear Allah or with [even] greater fear."
5630 - 'Ali ibn al-Husayn narrated to us, Muhammad ibn 'Abd al-'Aziz ibn Abi Rizmah and 'Ali ibn Zanjah narrated to us, they said: 'Ali ibn al-Hasan narrated to us, from al-Husayn ibn Waqid, from 'Amr ibn Dinar, from 'Ikrimah, from Ibn 'Abbas: That 'Abd al-Rahman and some companions of his came to the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) and said: "O Messenger of Allah, we were in honor when we were polytheists, then when we believed, we became humiliated." He said: "I have been commanded to pardon, so do not fight the people." Then when Allah moved him to Medina, He commanded him to fight, so they refrained. Then Allah, the Exalted, revealed: "Have you not seen those who were told, 'Restrain your hands, and establish prayer, and give zakah'? Then when fighting was ordained for them, behold! A party of them feared men as they fear Allah or with [even] greater fear."
5631 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim al-Awdi narrated to us, Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: "Then when fighting was ordained for them," they had nothing upon them except prayer and zakah. So they asked Allah to ordain fighting upon them. Then when fighting was ordained for them, "behold! A party of them feared men as they fear Allah or with [even] greater fear."
5632 - Abu Zur'ah narrated to us, Yahya ibn 'Abd Allah ibn Bukayr narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Lahi'ah narrated to me, 'Ata' ibn Dinar narrated to me, from Sa'id ibn Jubayr regarding the saying of Allah: "ordained" meaning: made obligatory.
(1). Al-Hakim 2/307.
٥٦٢٧ - حَدَّثَنَا عِصَامُ بْنُ رَوَّادٍ، ثنا آدَمُ، ثنا الْمُبَارَكُ بْنُ فَضَالَةَ، عَنِ الْحَسَنِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ: فَرِيضَةٌ وَاجِبَةٌ، لَا تَنْفَعُ الأَعْمَالُ إِلا بِهَا مَعَ الصَّلاةِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ قَتَادَةَ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
٥٦٢٨ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أَنْبَأَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ، ثنا بُكَيْرُ بْنُ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ قَوْلُهُ لأَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ أَمَرَهُمْ أَنْ يُؤْتُوا الزَّكَاةَ، يَدْفَعُونَهَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّالِثُ:
٥٦٢٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، ثنا جَرِيرٌ، عَنْ أَبِي حَيَّانَ التَّيْمِيِّ، عَنِ الْحَارِثِ الْعُكْلِيِّ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ قَالَ: صَدَقَةُ الْفِطْرِ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ يَخْشَوْنَ النَّاسَ كخشية الله أو أشد خشية
. [٥٦٣٠]
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحُسَيْنِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ أَبِي رِزْمَةَ وَعَلِيُّ بْنُ زَنْجَةَ قَالا: ثنا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْحَسَنِ، عَنِ الْحُسَيْنِ بْنِ وَاقِدٍ، عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ وَأَصْحَاباً لَهُ أَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَقَالُوا: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، كُنَّا فِي عِزٍّ وَنَحْنُ مُشْرِكُونَ فَلَمَّا آمَنَّا صِرْنَا أَذِلَّةً، قَالَ: إِنِّي أُمِرْتُ بِالْعَفْوِ فَلا تُقَاتِلُوا الْقَوْمَ، فَلَمَّا حَوَّلَهُ اللَّهُ إِلَى الْمَدِينَةِ أَمَرَهُ بِالْقِتَالِ فَكَفُّوا، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى: أَلَمْ تَرَ إِلَى الَّذِينَ قِيلَ لَهُمْ كُفُّوا أَيْدِيَكُمْ وَأَقِيمُوا الصَّلاةَ وَآتُوا الزَّكَاةَ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ يَخْشَوْنَ النَّاسَ كَخَشْيَةِ اللَّهِ أو أشد خَشْيَةً.
٥٦٣١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ الأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ لَمْ يَكُنْ عَلَيْهِمْ إِلا الصَّلاةُ وَالزَّكَاةُ، فَسَأَلُوا اللَّهَ أَنْ يَفْرِضَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالَ فَلَمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَيْهِمُ الْقِتَالُ إِذَا فَرِيقٌ مِنْهُمْ يَخْشَوْنَ النَّاسَ كخشية اللَّهِ أَوْ أَشَدَّ خَشْيَةً «١»
٥٦٣٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو زُرْعَةَ، ثنا يحى بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ بُكَيْرٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ لَهِيعَةَ، حَدَّثَنِي عَطَاءُ بْنُ دِينَارٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ فِي قَوْلِ اللَّهِ: كتب يعني: فرض.
(١) . الحاكم ٢/ ٣٠٧.
