The Fourth Perspective:
5742 - My father mentioned to us, al-Fadl ibn Sahl al-A'raj narrated to us, Ya'qub ibn Ibrahim ibn Sa'd narrated to us, my father narrated to me, from al-Walid ibn Kathir, Isma'il ibn 'Ubayd Allah ibn Abi Sufyan narrated to me, that Ibn Shihab narrated to him, that Abu Salamah ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to him, that a group from the tribes of the Arabs migrated to the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him). They remained with him as long as Allah willed them to remain, then they relapsed and returned to their people. They met a detachment (sariyyah) of the companions of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), who recognized them and asked them, 'What turned you back?' They offered excuses to them. Some of the people said to them, 'You have become hypocrites.' This discourse continued and spread among them, so this verse was revealed: 'Then what is the matter with you [becoming] two groups regarding the hypocrites?' It was narrated from al-Zuhri and al-Suddi similar to that.
The Fifth Perspective:
5743 - Abu Sa'id al-Ashaj narrated to us, Abu Usamah narrated to us, 'Imran ibn Hudayr informed me, from 'Ikrimah regarding [the verse]: 'Then what is the matter with you [becoming] two groups regarding the hypocrites?' He said: Some people among the Muslims took wealth from the polytheists and left with it, so the Muslims disagreed regarding them. One group said, 'If we meet them, we will kill them and take what is in their hands.' Others said, 'That is not lawful for you, for your brothers have gone out as merchants.' Then this verse was revealed.
The Sixth Perspective:
5744 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid regarding His saying: 'Then what is the matter with you [becoming] two groups regarding the hypocrites?' A people went out from Makkah until they came to Madinah, claiming that they were emigrants, then they apostatized after that. They asked the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) for permission to go to Makkah to bring merchandise to trade with. The believers differed regarding them; one speaker would say: 'They are hypocrites,' and another would say: 'They are believers.' So Allah made their hypocrisy clear and commanded that they be killed. They arrived with merchandise, intending to go to Hilal ibn Uwaymir al-Aslami, and between him and Muhammad there was a treaty, so he defended them on the basis that they were heading toward Hilal, and between him and Muhammad there was a covenant.
(1). Al-Tafsir, 1/168.
وَالْوَجْهُ الرَّابِعُ:
٥٧٤٢ - ذَكَرَهُ أَبِي، ثنا الْفَضْلُ بْنُ سَهْلٍ الأَعْرَجُ، ثنا يَعْقُوبُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ بْنِ سَعْدٍ، ثنا أَبِي، عَنِ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ كَثِيرٍ حَدَّثَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أَبِي سُفْيَانَ، أَنَّ ابْنَ شِهَابٍ حَدَّثَهُ، أَنَّ أَبَا سَلَمَةَ بْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ حَدَّثَهُ، أَنَّ نَفَراً مِنْ طَوَائِفِ الْعَرَبِ هَاجَرُوا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَمَكَثُوا مَعَهُ مَا شَاءَ اللَّهُ أَنْ يَمْكُثُوا ثُمَّ ارْتَكَسُوا، فَرَجَعُوا إِلَى قَوْمِهِمْ فَلَقُوا سَرِيَّةً مِنْ أَصْحَابِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَعَرَفُوهُمْ فَسَأَلُوهُمْ ماردكم؟ فَاعْتَلُّوا لَهُمْ، فَقَالَ بَعْضُ الْقَوْمِ لَهُمْ: نَافَقْتُمْ، فَلَمْ يَزَلْ بَعْضُ ذَلِكَ حَتَّى فَشَا فِيهِمُ الْقَوْلُ فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ: فَمَا لَكُمْ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ. وَرُوِيَ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، وَالسُّدِّيِّ نَحْوُ ذَلِكَ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الْخَامِسُ:
٥٧٤٣ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، أَخْبَرَنِي عِمْرَانُ بْنُ حُدَيْرٍ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ: فَمَا لَكُمْ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ قَالَ: أَخَذَ أُنَاسٌ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ أَمْوَالا مِنَ الْمُشْرِكِينَ فَانْطَلَقُوا بِهَا، فَاخْتَلَفَ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فِيهِمْ، فَقَالَتْ طَائِفَةٌ: لَوْ لَقِينَاهُمْ قَتَلْنَاهُمْ وَأَخَذْنَا مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ، وَقَالَ بَعْضٌ: لَا يَصْلُحُ لَكُمْ ذَلِكَ إِخْوَانِكُمُ انْطَلَقُوا تُجَّاراً، فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ.
وَالْوَجْهُ السَّادِسِ:
٥٧٤٤ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ، ثنا شَبَابَةُ، ثنا وَرْقَاءُ، عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١»
قَوْلَهُ: فَمَا لَكُمْ فِي الْمُنَافِقِينَ فِئَتَيْنِ قَوْمٌ خَرَجُوا مِنْ مَكَّةَ حَتَّى جَاءُوا الْمَدِينَةَ يَزْعُمُونَ أَنَّهُمْ مُهَاجِرُونَ، ثُمَّ ارْتَدُّوا بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ، فَاسْتَأْذَنُوا النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَى مَكَّةَ لِيَأْتُوا بِبَضَائِعَ يَتَّجِرُونَ فِيهَا، فَاخْتَلَفَ فِيهِمُ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ، فَقَائِلٌ يَقُولُ: مُنَافِقُونَ، وَقَائِلٌ يَقُولُ: هُمْ مُؤْمِنُونَ، فَبَيَّنَ اللَّهُ نِفَاقَهُمْ، فَأَمَرَ بِقَتْلِهِمْ فَجَاءُوا بِبَضَائِعَ يُرِيدُونَ هِلالَ بْنَ عُوَيْمِرٍ الأَسْلَمِيَّ، وَبَيْنَهُ وَبَيْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ حِلْفٌ، فَدَفَعَ عَنْهُمْ بِأَنَّهُمْ يُؤِمُّونَ هِلالٌ وَبَيْنَهُ وبين محمد عهد.
(١) . التفسير ١/ ١٦٨.
