His saying, the Exalted: "That is because they disobeyed and used to transgress."
3999 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid informed us, Yazid ibn Zuray' narrated to us, Sa'id narrated to us, from Qatadah regarding "That is because they disobeyed and used to transgress," he said: Avoid disobedience and transgression, for by them, those who perished before you among the people perished.
His saying, the Exalted: "They are not all the same."
[The first interpretation]
4000 - Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, it was claimed by al-Hasan ibn Abi Yazid al-'Ijli, from Ibn Mas'ud regarding His saying: "They are not all the same; among the People of the Scripture is a community standing [in obedience]," he says: The People of the Scripture and the community of Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, are not equal.
4001 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim narrated to us, Ahmad ibn al-Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi: "They are not all the same; among the People of the Scripture is a community standing [in obedience]," he says: These Jews are not like this community that is devout to Allah.
And the second interpretation:
4002 - My father narrated to us, Sa'id ibn Sulayman al-Nashiti narrated to us, Abu al-Ashhab narrated to us, he said: Not all the people perished.
Regarding al-Hasan's statement: "They are not all the same; among the People of the Scripture," he said: These are the people of guidance.
His saying, the Exalted: "Among the People of the Scripture is a community standing [in obedience]."
4003 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan informed us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad said: Ishaq narrated to us, and Muhammad narrated to me, from 'Ikrimah or Sa'id ibn Jubayr, from Ibn 'Abbas, he said: When 'Abd Allah ibn Salam, Tha'labah ibn Sa'yah, Usayd ibn Sa'yah, and Usayd ibn 'Ubayd accepted Islam, along with those of the Jews who accepted Islam with them, they believed, verified, desired Islam, and excelled in it. The rabbis of the Jews and the people of disbelief among them said: "None believed in Muhammad and followed him except our worst people. If they were our best, they would not have abandoned the religion of their forefathers and gone to another." So Allah, the Mighty and Majestic, revealed regarding that: "They are not all the same; among the People of the Scripture is a community standing [in obedience]."
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ
٣٩٩٩ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ ذَلِكَ بِمَا عَصَوْا وَكَانُوا يَعْتَدُونَ قَالَ: اجْتَنِبُوا الْمَعْصِيَةَ وَالْعُدْوَانَ، فَإِنَّ بِهِمَا هَلَكَ مَنْ هَلَكَ مِنْ قَبْلِكُمْ مِنَ النَّاسِ.
قَوْلُهُ تعالى: ليسوا سواء
[الوجه الأول]
٤٠٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ ثنا شَبَابَةُ ثنا ورقاء عن بن أَبِي نَجِيحٍ، زَعَمَ الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَبِي يَزِيدَ الْعِجْلِيُّ عَنِ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أُمَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ يَقُولُ: لَا يَسْتَوِي أَهْلُ الْكِتَابِ وَأُمَّةُ مُحَمَّدٍ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ.
٤٠٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ: لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِنْ أَهْلِ الكتاب أمة قائمة يَقُولُ هَؤُلَاءِ الْيَهُودُ لَيْسُوا كَمَثَلِ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ الَّتِي هِيَ قَانِتَةٌ لِلَّهِ.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٤٠٠٢ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا سَعِيدُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ النَّشِيطِيُّ، ثنا أَبُو الأَشْهَبِ قَال: لَيْسَ كُلُّ الْقَوْمِ هَلَكَ.
عَلَى الْحَسَنِ: لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ قَالَ: هَؤُلاءِ أَهْلُ الْهُدَى.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أُمَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ
٤٠٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنْبَأَ أَبُو غَسَّانَ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدٌ: ثنا إِسْحَاقُ، وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدٌ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ أَوْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: لَمَّا أَسْلَمَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَلامٍ، وَثَعْلَبَةُ بْنُ سَعْيَةَ، وَأُسَيْدُ بْنُ سَعْيةَ، وَأُسَيْدُ بْنُ عُبَيْدٍ وَمَنْ أَسْلَمَ مِنْ يَهُودَ مَعَهُمْ فَآمَنُوا وَصَدَّقُوا وَرَغِبُوا فِي الإِسْلامِ وَمَنَحُوا فِيهِ قَالَتْ أَحْبَارُ يَهُودَ وَأَهْلُ الْكُفْرِ مِنْهُمْ: مَا آمَنَ بِمُحَمَّدٍ وَتَبِعَهُ إلا شرارنا، وَلَوْ كَانُوا خِيَارَنَا مَا تَرَكُوا دِينَ آبَائِهِمْ وَذَهَبُوا إِلَى غَيْرِهِ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ فِي ذَلِكَ: لَيْسُوا سَوَاءً مِنْ أَهْلِ الْكِتَابِ أُمَّةٌ قَائِمَةٌ
