4319 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas narrated to us, Muhammad ibn 'Amr Zunayj narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said regarding His saying: "When you were killing them by His permission," he said: With swords, meaning: the killing [was] by My permission and My empowering your hands against them, and My restraining their hands from you.
His saying, the Exalted: "Until when you failed"
[The first interpretation]
4320 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Abi Ja'far narrated to us, from his father, from al-Rabi' regarding His saying: "Until when you failed," he says: You became cowardly toward your enemy. Something similar was narrated from Qatadah.
And the second interpretation:
4321 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas narrated to us, Muhammad ibn 'Amr Zunayj narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: "Until when you failed," meaning: you became divided and abandoned one another.
His saying: "And you disputed"
4322 - Muhammad ibn Sa'd al-'Awfi informed us in what he wrote to me, my father narrated to me, my uncle al-Husayn narrated to us, from his father, from his grandfather, from Ibn 'Abbas, regarding His saying: "And you disputed in the matter," he said: Some of them said to others when they saw the women climbing the mountain and saw the spoils: "Proceed to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and secure the spoils before you are beaten to them." And another group said: "Rather, we will obey the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and remain in our place."
4323 - My father narrated to us, Ahmad ibn 'Abd al-Rahman narrated to us, 'Abd Allah ibn Abi Ja'far narrated to us, from his father, from al-Rabi' regarding His saying: "And you disputed (in) the matter," he says: You differed.
His saying, the Exalted: "In the matter"
4324 - Muhammad ibn al-'Abbas narrated to us, Muhammad ibn 'Amr Zunayj narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said: "And you disputed in the matter," meaning: you differed regarding my command.
His saying, the Exalted: "And you disobeyed after He had shown you"
4325 - Muhammad ibn 'Ammar narrated to us, Sulayman ibn Dawud al-Hashimi narrated to us, Ibn Abi al-Zinad narrated to us, from his father, from 'Ubayd Allah ibn 'Abd Allah, from Ibn 'Abbas, he said: The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was never aided in any location as he was aided on the day of Uhud, so we disputed that with him. Ibn 'Abbas said: Between me and whoever disputes this is the Book of Allah, for Allah says regarding the day of Uhud: "And Allah had certainly fulfilled His promise to you when you were killing them by His permission until when you failed and disputed in the matter and disobeyed after He had shown you what you love." This refers to the archers. That is because the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, stationed them in a position then said: "Protect our backs; if you see us being killed, do not help us; and if you see us having taken spoils, do not join us." When the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, took the spoils and they overran the camp of the polytheists, the archers all departed and entered the camp to loot, and the ranks of the companions of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had become broken up; they were like this—and he intertwined his fingers—and they became intermingled. When the archers vacated that gap which they were in, the cavalry entered from that position upon the companions of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and they began striking one another and became intermingled. Many of the polytheists were killed, and the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, had the advantage early in the day until the standard-bearers of the polytheists, nine or seven of them, were killed. The polytheists retreated toward the mountain, and they did not reach where people claim—the "Ghurr"—they were only below the Mihras. Satan cried out: "Muhammad has been killed!" They did not doubt that it was the truth, and we kept on like that, not doubting that he had been killed until the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, appeared between the two Sa'ds; we recognized him by his shoulders when he walked. He said: We were so happy, as if what had afflicted us had never touched us. He ascended toward us, saying: "The anger of Allah has intensified against a people who shot at the face of the Messenger of Allah," and at another time he said: "O Allah, it is not for them to overcome us." Until he reached us, he remained for a while, and suddenly Abu Sufyan was at the bottom of the mountain [saying]: "Rise, Hubal! Rise, Hubal!"—meaning his idol—"Where is Ibn Abi Kabshah? Where is Ibn Abi Quhafah? Where is Ibn al-Khattab?" 'Umar said: "Shall I not answer him, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: When he said, "Rise, Hubal!", 'Umar said: "Allah is Higher and more Majestic." Abu Sufyan said: "O son of al-Khattab, where is Ibn Abi Kabshah? Where is Ibn Abi Quhafah? Where is Ibn al-Khattab?" 'Umar said: "This is the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and this is Abu Bakr, and here I am." Abu Sufyan said: "A day for a day of Badr; the days alternate, and war is like a bucket [drawn back and forth]." 'Umar said: "Not the same; our killed are in Paradise, and your killed are in the Fire." He said: "You claim that? Then we have truly failed and lost!" Then he said: "Know that you will find mutilation among your killed, and that was not by the opinion of our leaders." Then the arrogance of Jahiliyyah overcame him, and he said: "Know that when that happened, we did not dislike it."
