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Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim
Volume 4 · Page 103His saying (exalted): 'And who is better than Allah in judgment for a people who are certain [in faith]?'

Translation · EN

was called 'the global' until a woman came and said: 'O Messenger of Allah, in the time of ignorance such-and-such happened.' Then Allah revealed the mention of the Jahiliyyah.

[6503] Hajjaj ibn Hamzah narrated to us, Shababah narrated to us, Warqa' narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, from Mujahid (1) regarding His saying: 'Then is it the judgment of the time of ignorance they desire?' [referring to] the Jews.

[6504] My father narrated to us, Hilal ibn al-Fayyad ibn Abu 'Ubaydah al-Naji narrated to us, he said: I heard al-Hasan saying: 'Whoever judges by other than the judgment of Allah, then it is the judgment of the time of ignorance.'

[6505] Yunus ibn 'Abd al-A'la informed us, Sufyan ibn 'Uyaynah narrated to us, from Ibn Abi Najih, he said: When a man would ask Tawus to decide between two children regarding a gift, he would recite: 'Then is it the judgment of the time of ignorance they desire? And who is better than Allah in judgment for a people who are certain [in faith]?'

His saying, the Exalted: 'And who is better than Allah in judgment for a people who are certain [in faith]?'

Its interpretation has already preceded.

His saying, the Exalted: 'Do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies.'

[6506] My father narrated to us, Abu al-Asbagh al-Harrani narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Salamah narrated to us, from Muhammad ibn Ishaq, my father Ishaq ibn Yasar narrated to me, from 'Ubadah ibn al-Walid, from 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit, he said: When the Banu Qaynuqa' fought, 'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy Salul held onto their cause and stood for them. 'Ubadah ibn al-Samit walked to the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and distanced himself from their alliance before Allah and His Messenger. He was one of the Banu 'Awf ibn al-Khazraj, and he had an alliance with them similar to that which they had with 'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy. So he renounced them for the sake of the Messenger of Allah, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, and dissociated from the alliance and friendship of the disbelievers. He said: 'I take Allah, His Messenger, and the believers as allies, and I dissociate myself before Allah from the alliance of these disbelievers and their friendship.' He said: So the story regarding him and 'Abd Allah ibn Ubayy was revealed in [Surat] al-Ma'idah: 'O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are [in fact] allies of one another.'

[6507] Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim informed us in what he wrote to me, Ahmad ibn al-Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi regarding His saying: 'O you who have believed, do not take the Jews and the Christians as allies. They are [in fact] allies of one another. And whoever is an ally to them among you—then indeed, he is [one] of them.'

Notes

(1). Al-Tafsir 1/198.

Arabic (Source)

تُسَمَّى الْجَاهِلِيَّةُ الْعَالِمِيَّةَ حَتَّى جَاءَتِ امْرَأَةٌ قَالَتْ: يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، كَانَ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ كَذَا وَكَذَا فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ ذِكْرَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.

٦٥٠٣ - حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ حَمْزَةَ ثنا شَبَابَةُ ثنا وَرْقَاءُ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ «١» قَوْلَهُ: أَفَحُكْمَ الجاهلية يبغون يَهُودُ.

٦٥٠٤ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي ثنا هِلالُ بْنُ الْفَيَّاضِ بْنِ أَبُو عُبَيْدَةَ النَّاجِيُّ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ الْحَسَنَ يَقُولُ: مَنْ حَكَمَ بِغَيْرِ حُكْمِ اللَّهِ فَحُكْمُ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ.

٦٥٠٥ - أَخْبَرَنَا يُونُسُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الأَعْلَى ثنا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ أَبِي نَجِيحٍ قَالَ:

كَانَ طَاوُسٌ إِذَا سَأَلَهُ رَجُلٌ أُفَصِلُ بَيْنَ وَلَدَيْنِ فِي النَّحْلِ قَرَأَ أَفَحُكْمَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ يَبْغُونَ وَمَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللهِ حُكْمًا لِّقَوْمٍ يُوقِنُونَ

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: مَنْ أَحْسَنُ مِنَ اللَّهِ حُكْمًا لقوم يوقنون

قَدْ تَقَدَّمَ تَفْسِيرُهُ.

قَوْلَه تَعَالَى: لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى أَوْلِيَاءَ

٦٥٠٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو الأَصْبَغِ الْحَرَّانِيُّ ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ يَسَارٍ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الْوَلِيدِ عَنْ عُبَادَةَ بْنِ الصَّامِتِ قَالَ:

لما حاربت بنوا قَيْنُقَاعَ تَشَبَّثَ بِأَمْرِهِمْ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أُبَيٍّ سَلُولَ وَقَامَ دُونَهُمْ وَمَشَى عُبَادَةُ بْنُ الصَّامِتِ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وتبر إِلَى اللَّهِ وَرَسُولِهِ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ، وَكَانَ أَحَدَ بَنِي عَوْفِ بْنِ الْخَزْرَجِ وَلَهُ مِنْ حِلْفِهِمْ مِثْلُ الَّذِي لَهُمْ مِنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ فَخَلَعَهُمْ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَتَبَرَّأَ مِنْ حِلْفِ الْكُفَّارِ وَوِلايَتِهِمْ. فَقَالَ أَتَوَلَّى اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ وَالْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَبْرَأُ إِلَى اللَّهِ مِنْ حِلْفِ هَؤُلاءِ الْكُفَّارِ وَوِلايَتِهِمْ. قَالَ: فَفِيهِ وَفِي عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ أُبَيٍّ نَزَلَتِ الْقِصَّةُ فِي الْمَائِدَةِ يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ

٦٥٠٧ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلَهُ: يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَتَّخِذُوا الْيَهُودَ وَالنَّصَارَى أَوْلِيَاءَ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلِيَاءُ بَعْضٍ وَمَنْ يَتَوَلَّهُمْ مِنْكُمْ فَإِنَّهُ مِنْهُمْ

Notes

(١) . التفسير ١/ ١٩٨.

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