Tafsir Ibn Abi Hatim — His saying (the Exalted): 'From the people'

Volume 4 · Page 122His saying (the Exalted): 'From the people'

Translation · EN

The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, used to be guarded until this verse was revealed: "And Allah will protect you from the people." She said: He then put his head out from the dome and said: "O people, depart, for Allah has protected me."

[6616] Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-‘Abbas ibn al-Walid al-Narsi narrated to us, Yazid ibn Zuray‘ narrated to us, from Sa‘id, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "And Allah will protect you from the people," He informed His Prophet that He would suffice him against the people and protect him from them, and He commanded him to convey the message.

His saying, the Almighty: "From the people"

[6617] I read to Muhammad ibn al-Fadl, Muhammad ibn ‘Ali narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Muzahim narrated to us, from Bukayr ibn Ma‘ruf, from Muqatil ibn Hayyan, regarding His saying: "And Allah will protect you from the people," meaning: those around you from all the Arabs, that they shall not reach you. So the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, felt secure at that point.

His saying, the Almighty: "Say, O People of the Scripture, you are not [standing] on anything"

[6618] Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, Abu Ghassan Zunayj narrated to us, Salamah narrated to us, he said: Muhammad ibn Ishaq said, and Muhammad ibn Abi Muhammad narrated to me, he said: Rafi‘ ibn Jarayah, Sallam ibn Mishkam, Malik ibn al-Dayf, and Rafi‘ ibn Harmalah came to the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, and said: O Muhammad, do you not claim that you are upon the creed of Ibrahim and his religion, and that you believe in what we have of the Torah, and you bear witness that it is the truth from Allah? He said: "Yes, but you have taken [the religion] and denied what is in it regarding the covenant that was taken from you, and you have concealed from it what you were commanded to make clear to the people. So I disassociate myself from your innovations." They said: We hold onto what is in our hands, for we are upon guidance and truth, and we do not believe in you nor do we follow you. So Allah, the Almighty, revealed concerning them: "Say, O People of the Scripture, you are not [standing] on anything."

His saying, the Almighty: "until you uphold"

[6619] Abu Yazid al-Qaratisi reported to me in what he wrote to me, Asbagh narrated to us, he said: I heard ‘Abd al-Rahman ibn Zayd ibn Aslam saying, regarding His saying: "until you uphold" [meaning:] that you act in accordance with what is in it.

Notes

(1). Al-Hakim 2/313 said: This is a hadith with a sound (sahih) chain of narration and they (al-Bukhari and Muslim) did not record it, and al-Dhahabi agreed with him. Al-Tirmidhi, Book of Tafsir, no. 3046, and he said: This is a rare (gharib) hadith, 5/235.

Arabic (Source)

كَانَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ يُحْرَسُ حَتَّى نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ قالتْ: فَأَخْرَجَ رَأْسَهُ مِنَ الْقُبَّةِ وَقَالَ: يَا أَيُّهَا النَّاسُ انْصَرِفُوا فَقَدْ عَصَمَنِي اللَّهُ «١» .

٦٦١٦ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثنا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ النَّرْسِيُّ، ثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ عَنْ سَعِيدٍ عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَوْلَهُ: وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ أَخْبَرَ اللَّهُ نَبِيَّهُ أَنَّهُ سَيَكْفِيهِ النَّاسَ وَيَعْصِمُهُ مِنْهُمْ وَأَمَرَهُ بِالْبَلاغِ.

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: مِنَ النَّاسِ

٦٦١٧ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ قَوْلَهُ: وَاللَّهُ يَعْصِمُكَ مِنَ النَّاسِ يَعْنِي مِمَّنْ حَوْلَكَ مِنَ الْعَرَبِ كُلِّهَا إَنَّهُمْ لَا يَصِلُونَ إِلَيْكَ، فَأَمِنَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وسلم عند ذلك.

قوله تعالى: قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَسْتُمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ

٦٦١٨ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، ثنا أَبُو غَسَّانَ زُنَيْجٌ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ قَالَ: قَالَ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ إِسْحَاقَ وَحَدَّثَنِي مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَبِي مُحَمَّدٍ قَالَ: أَتَى رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَافِعُ بْنُ جَارِيَةَ وَسَلَّامُ بْنُ مِشْكَمٍ، وَمَالِكُ بْنُ الضَّيْفِ، وَرَافِعُ بْنُ حَرْمَلَةَ. فَقَالُوا يَا مُحَمَّدُ أَلَسْتَ تَزْعُمُ أَنَّكَ عَلَى مِلَّةِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَدِينِهِ وَتُؤْمِنُ بِمَا عِنْدَنَا مِنَ التَّوْرَاةِ وَتَشَهَدُ أَنَّهَا حَقٌّ مِنَ اللَّهِ قَالَ: بَلَى، وَلَكِنَّكُمْ أَخَذْتُمْ وَجَحَدْتُمْ مَا فِيهَا مِمَّا أُخِذَ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ الْمِيثَاقِ وَكَتَمْتُمْ مِنْهَا مَا أُمِرْتُمْ أَنْ تُبَيِّنُوهُ لِلنَّاسٍ. فَتَبَرَّأْتُ مِنْ أَحْدَاثِكُمْ. فَقَالُوا: فَإِنَّا نَأْخُذُ مَا فِي أَيْدِينَا فَإِنَّا عَلَى الْهُدَى وَالْحَقِّ وَلا نُؤْمِنُ بِكَ وَلا نَتَّبِعُكَ. فَأَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِيهِمْ قُلْ يَا أَهْلَ الْكِتَابِ لَسْتُمْ عَلَى شَيْءٍ

قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: حَتَّى تُقِيمُوا

٦٦١٩ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْقَرَاطِيسِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا أَصْبَغُ قَالَ: سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنَ زَيْدِ بْنِ أَسْلَمَ يَقُولُ: فِي قَوْلِهِ: حَتَّى تقيموا تعملوا بما فيه.