[6796] My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu‘awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me from ‘Ali ibn Abi Talhah, from Ibn ‘Abbas regarding His saying: "Do not kill game while you are in the state of ihram, and whoever of you kills it intentionally," he said: If he kills it intentionally, or forgetfully, or by error, he shall be judged for it. If it was intentional, the punishment is hastened for him unless Allah pardons him. It was narrated from Mujahid, al-Nakha‘i, al-Hasan, and ‘Ata similar to some of this statement.
The Second Aspect
It is the removal of the expiation from the one who kills game forgetfully.
[6797] Abu Sa‘id al-Ashajj narrated to us, Ibn ‘Ulayyah narrated to us from Ayyub, he said: I was informed from Tawus, he said: A judgment is not made against one who hits game by error; judgment is only made against one who hits it intentionally.
[6798] ‘Amr al-Awdi narrated to us, Waki‘ narrated to us from al-A‘mash from ‘Amr ibn Murrah from Sa‘id ibn Jubayr, he said: Expiation was only established for intentional acts, but it was made more severe for them in cases of error so that they would be cautious.
His saying: "Then its compensation is a similar equivalent of what he killed from the livestock"
[6799] My father narrated to us, Yahya ibn al-Mughirah narrated to us, Jarir narrated to us from Mansur from al-Hakam from Miqsam from Ibn ‘Abbas regarding His saying: "Then its compensation is a similar equivalent of what he killed from the livestock," he said: If the one in ihram hits game, he is judged for its compensation from livestock.
[6800] al-‘Abbas ibn al-Walid ibn Mazid informed us by reading it to him, Muhammad ibn Shu‘ayb ibn Shabur narrated to us, ‘Uthman ibn ‘Ata informed me from his father regarding His saying: "Then its compensation is a similar equivalent of what he killed from the livestock," he said: Whatever has a similar equivalent that resembles it, that is its compensation and its fulfillment.
His saying: "From the livestock"
[6801] My father narrated to us, Abu Salih narrated to us, Mu‘awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me from ‘Ali ibn Abi Talhah from Ibn ‘Abbas regarding His saying: "Then its compensation is a similar equivalent of what he killed from the livestock," he said: If the one in ihram kills something from the game, he is judged for it; and if he kills an antelope or something similar, he must offer a sheep to be slaughtered in Mecca.
[6802] I read to Muhammad ibn al-Fadl, Muhammad ibn ‘Ali narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Muzahim narrated to us from Bukayr ibn Ma‘ruf from Muqatil ibn Hayyan regarding His saying: "Then its compensation is a similar equivalent of what he killed from the livestock," so whatever is land game that does not have horns, like the donkey or the ostrich, its compensation is from the camels. Whatever is land game with horns, its compensation is from the cattle. And whatever is an antelope, then for it is a sheep.
٦٧٩٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: لَا تَقْتُلُوا الصَّيْدَ وَأَنْتُمْ حُرُمٌ وَمَنْ قَتَلَهُ مِنْكُمْ مُتَعَمِّدًا قَالَ إِنْ قَتَلَهُ مُتَعَمِّدًا أَوْ نَاسِيًا أَوْ خَطَأً حُكِمَ عَلَيْهِ فَإِنْ كَانَ مُتَعَمِّدًا عُجِّلَتْ له العقوبة إلا أن يعفوا اللَّهُ عَنْهُ- وَرُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَالنَّخَعِيِّ وَالْحَسَنِ وَعَطَاءٍ نَحْوُ بَعْضِ هَذَا الْكَلامِ.
الْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي
: وَهُوَ إِزَالَةُ الْكَفَّارَةِ عَنْ قَاتِلِ الصَّيْدِ نَاسِيًا.
٦٧٩٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا ابْنُ عُلَيَّةَ عَنْ أَيُّوبَ قَالَ نُبِّئْتُ عَنْ طَاوُسٍ قَالَ: لَا يُحْكَمُ عَلَى مَنْ أَصَابَ صَيْدًا خَطَأً إِنَّمَا يُحْكَمُ عَلَى مَنْ أَصَابَهُ مُتَعَمِّدًا.
٦٧٩٨ - حَدَّثنا عَمْرٌو الأَوْدِيُّ، ثنا وَكِيعٌ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ عَنْ عَمْرِو بْنِ مُرَّةَ عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ قَالَ: إِنَّمَا جُعِلَتِ الْكَفَّارَةُ فِي الْعَمْدِ وَلَكِنْ غُلِّظَ عَلَيْهِمْ فِي الْخَطَأِ كَيْ يَتَّقُوا.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ
٦٧٩٩ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ الْمُغِيرَةِ، ثنا جَرِيرٌ عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ عَنِ الْحَكَمِ عَنْ مِقْسَمٍ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ فِي قَوْلِهِ: فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ قَالَ: إِذَا أَصَابَ الْمُحْرِمُ الصَّيْدَ حُكِمَ عَلَيْهِ جَزَاؤُهُ مِنَ النَّعَمِ.
٦٨٠٠ - أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مَزْيَدٍ قِرَاءَةً عَلَيْهِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ شَابُورَ، أَخْبَرَنِي عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عَطَاءٍ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَوْلَهُ: فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ من النعم قَالَ:
مَا كَانَ لَهُ مِثْلٌ يُشْبِهُهُ فَهُوَ جَزَاؤُهُ قَضَاؤُهُ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: مِنَ النَّعَمِ
٦٨٠١ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلَهُ: فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ قَالَ: إِذَا قَتَلَ الْمُحْرِمُ شَيْئًا مِنَ الصَّيْدِ حُكِمَ عَلَيْهِ فِيهِ وَإِنْ قَتَلَ ظَبْيًا أَوْ نَحْوَهُ فَعَلَيْهِ شَاةٌ تُذْبَحُ بِمَكَّةَ.
٦٨٠٢ - قَرَأْتُ عَلَى مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ الْفَضْلِ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُزَاحِمٍ عَنْ بُكَيْرِ بْنِ مَعْرُوفٍ عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ حَيَّانَ قَوْلَهُ: فَجَزَاءٌ مِثْلُ مَا قَتَلَ مِنَ النَّعَمِ فَمَا كَانَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ مِمَّا لَيْسَ لَهُ قَرْنٌ كَالْحِمَارِ وَالنَّعَامَةِ فَجَزَاؤُهُ مِنَ الْبُدْنِ، وَمَا كَانَ مِنْ صَيْدِ الْبَرِّ مِنْ ذَوَاتِ الْقُرُونِ فَجَزَاؤُهُ مِنَ الْبَقَرِ، وَمَا كَانَ مِنَ الظَّبْيِ فَفِيهِ مِنَ الْغَنَمِ