His saying, the Exalted: "Allah has not appointed a Bahirah, nor a Sa'ibah."
[The First Interpretation]
[6885] My father narrated to us, Yahya ibn Salih al-Wuhati narrated to us, Jurayj narrated to us, Abu Ishaq narrated from Abu al-Ahwas from his father, who said: I came to the Messenger of Allah (peace be upon him) in worn-out clothing. He said to me: "Do you have wealth?" I said: "Yes." He said: "From what type of wealth?" I said: "From all kinds of wealth: camels, sheep, horses, and slaves." He said: "If Allah has given you wealth, then let it be seen upon you." Then he said: "Do your camels give birth, their ears intact?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Do camels produce offspring otherwise?" He said: "Perhaps you take a blade and cut the ears of a group of them and say: 'This is a Bahirah,' and split the ears of a group of them and say: 'This is Haram (forbidden)'?" I said: "Yes." He said: "Do not do that, for everything Allah has brought to you is permissible for you." Then he said: "'Allah has not appointed a Bahirah, nor a Sa'ibah, nor a Wasilah, nor a Hami.' As for the Bahirah, it is the one whose ears you mutilate, so that neither his wife, nor his daughters, nor anyone from his household may benefit from its wool, its fur, its hair, or its milk. Then when it dies, they all share in it."
[6886] Abu Sa‘id al-Ashajj narrated to us, ‘Amr al-‘Anqazi narrated to us from Isra’il from Ishaq from Abu al-Ahwas, regarding "Allah has not appointed a Bahirah, nor a Sa'ibah, nor a Wasilah, nor a Hami." He said: The Bahirah is the she-camel that has given birth to five generations, so he dedicates it to his gods; neither his wife, nor his sister, nor any relative may drink of its milk, nor may they benefit from anything of its fur, and it is not prevented from forage or water. Then when it dies, they are all equal regarding it.
[The Second Interpretation]
[6887] My father narrated to us, Abu Salih, the scribe of al-Layth, narrated to us, Mu‘awiyah ibn Salih narrated to me from ‘Ali ibn Abi Talhah from Ibn ‘Abbas, regarding his saying: "Allah has not appointed a Bahirah, nor a Sa'ibah." As for the Bahirah, it is the she-camel that, when it has produced five generations, they look at the fifth. If it is a male, they slaughter it, and the men eat it to the exclusion of the women. And if it is a female, they mutilate its ears and say: "This is a Bahirah."
[6888] Ahmad ibn ‘Uthman ibn Hakim informed me in writing, Ahmad ibn al-Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us from al-Suddi, regarding his saying: "Allah has not appointed a Bahirah." The Bahirah from among the camels was a she-camel that, when it had produced five generations, if the fifth was a male, they would slaughter it and present it as an offering to their gods, and its mother was among the general herd of camels.
(1). Addition from al-Durr 3/211.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَحِيرَةٍ وَلا سَائِبَةٍ
[الوجه الأول]
٦٨٨٥ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا يَحْيَى بْنُ صَالِحٍ الْوُحَاطيُّ، ثنا جُرَيْجٍ، ثنا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ عَنْ أَبِيهِ قَالَ: أَتَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فِي خَلَقَانِ مِنَ الثِّيَابِ، فَقَالَ لِي، هَلْ لَكَ مِنْ مَالٍ؟ قُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: مِنْ أَيْنَ الْمَالُ؟ قَالَ: فَقُلْتُ مِنْ كُلِّ الْمَالِ مِنَ الإِبِلِ وَالْغَنَمِ وَالْخَيْلِ وَالرَّقِيقِ. قَالَ: فَإِذَا أَتَاكَ اللَّهُ مَالا فَلْيُرَ عَلَيْكَ ثُمَّ قَالَ: تُنْتَجُ إِبِلُكَ وَافِيَةً آذَانُهَا قَالَ: قُلْتُ نَعَمْ. قَالَ: وَهَلْ تُنْتَجُ الإِبِلُ إِلا كَذَلِكَ قَالَ:
فَلَعَلَّكَ تَأْخُذُ مُوسَى، فَتَقْطَعُ آذَانَ طَائِفَةٍ مِنْهَا، وَتَقُولُ: هَذِهِ بَخير، وَتَشُقُّ آذَانَ طَائِفَةٍ مِنْهَا وَتَقُولُ هَذِهِ حرم؟ فَقُلْتُ: نَعَمْ. قَالَ: فَلا تَفْعَلْ إِنَّ كُلَّ مَا أَتَاكَ اللَّهُ لَكَ حِلٌّ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: مَا جَعَلَ (اللَّهُ) مِنْ بَحِيرَةٍ وَلا سَائِبَةٍ وَلا وَصِيلَةٍ وَلا حَامٍ أَمَّا الْبَحِيرَةُ فَهِيَ الَّتِي تَجْدَعُونَ آذَانَهَا فَلا تَنْتَفِعُ إمْرَأَتُهُ وَلا بَنَاتُهُ وَلا أَحَدٌ مِنْ أَهْلِ بَيْتِهِ بِصُوفِهَا وَلا أَوْبَارِهَا وَلا أَشْعَارِهَا وَلا أَلْبَانِهَا. فَإِذَا مَاتَتِ اشْتَرَكُوا فِيهَا
٦٨٨٦ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، ثنا عَمْرٌو الْعَنْقَزِيُّ عَنْ إِسْرَائِيلَ عَنْ إِسْحَاقَ عَنْ أَبِي الأَحْوَصِ مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَحِيرَةٍ وَلا سَائِبَةٍ وَلا وَصِيلَةٍ وَلا حَامٍ قَالَ: الْبَحِيرَةُ:
النَّاقَةُ الَّتِي قَدْ وَلَدَتْ خَمْسَةَ أَبْطُنٍ فَجَعَلَهَا لآلِهَتِهِ فَلا تَشْرَبُ امْرَأَتُهُ وَلا أُخْتُهُ وَلا ذَاتُ قَرَابَةٍ مِنْ لَبَنِهَا، وَلا تَنْتَفِعُ بِشَيْءٍ مِنْ وبرها، ولا تمنع الكلاء وَالْمَاءَ فَإِذَا مَاتَتْ كَانُوا فِيهَا سَوَاءً.
وَالْوَجْهُ الثَّانِي:
٦٨٨٧ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا أَبُو صَالِحٍ: كَاتِبُ اللَّيْثِ حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ عَنْ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَلْحَةَ عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَوْلُهُ: مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَحِيرَةٍ وَلا سَائِبَةٍ.. فَأَمَّا الْبَحِيرَةُ فَهِيَ النَّاقَةُ إِذَا أَنْتَجَتْ خَمْسَةَ أَبْطُنٍ نَظَرُوا إِلَى الْخَامِسِ فَإِنْ كَانَ ذَكَرًا ذَبَحُوهُ، فَأَكَلَهُ الرِّجَالُ دُونَ النِّسَاءِ، وَإِنْ كَانَتْ أُنْثَى جَدَعُوا آذَانَهَا فَقَالُوا: هَذِهِ بَحِيرَةٌ.
٦٨٨٨ - وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الْمُفَضَّلِ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ قَوْلَهُ: مَا جَعَلَ اللَّهُ مِنْ بَحِيرَةٍ وَالْبَحِيرَةُ مِنَ الإِبِلِ كَانَتِ النَّاقَةُ إِذَا أَنْتَجْتَ خَمْسَةَ أَبْطُنٍ فَإِنْ كَانَ الْخَامِسُ ذَكَرًا «١» ذَبَحُوهُ فأهدوه إلى آلهتهم، وكانت
(١) . إضافة عن الدر ٣/ ٢١١