those who were guarding him, and the others advanced and stood in their positions. Then the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) bowed, and they all bowed. Then the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) rose, and they all rose. Then the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) prostrated, and those closest to him prostrated, while the others stood guarding them. Then they [the guards] prostrated in their place. Then the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) sat, and they all sat. Then he gave the salutation to them. Thus the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) prayed it twice: once at 'Usfan, and once in the land of Banu Sulaym.
His saying, the Almighty: "And let another group come who have not prayed, and let them pray with you, and let them take their precaution and their weapons."
[5900] My father narrated to us, [saying] Nu'aym ibn Hammad narrated to us, [saying] Ibn al-Mubarak narrated to us, [saying] Ma'mar informed us, from al-Zuhri, from Salim, from his father regarding His saying: "And when you are among them and lead the prayer for them," he said: It is the prayer of fear (salat al-khawf). The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) prayed one rak'ah with one of the two groups, while the other group was facing the enemy. Then the group that had prayed with the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) departed and stood in the place of those [who had been guarding], facing the enemy. The other group, which had been facing the enemy, advanced, and the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) prayed one rak'ah with them, then gave the salutation with them. Then each group stood and prayed one rak'ah [each].
His saying, the Almighty: "Those who disbelieved wish that you would neglect your weapons and your baggage so they could swoop down upon you in a single attack."
[5901] al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid ibn Mazyad informed us by way of reading, [saying] Muhammad ibn Shu'ayb ibn Shapur narrated to us, [saying] Sufyan informed me, from Mansur, from Mujahid, from Abu 'Ayyash al-Zurqi, who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) was at 'Usfan with the people, and Khalid ibn al-Walid was over the polytheists on that day. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) gave an order, and they took their weapons. The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) prayed the noon (dhuhr) prayer with them, and he said: "They were in a state where, had we wished to seize an unguarded moment or negligence from them, we could have." Then the verse of shortening (qasr) was revealed between the noon and afternoon prayers, meaning: "Those who disbelieved wish that you would neglect your weapons and your baggage so they could swoop down upon you in a single attack."
(1). Al-Hakim 1/337.
الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يَحْرُسُونَهُ وَتَقَدَّمَ الآخَرُونَ، فَقَامُوا فِي مَقَامِهِمْ، ثُمَّ رَكَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَرَكَعُوا جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ رَفَعَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَرَفَعُوا جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ سَجَدَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ وَسَجَدَ الَّذِينَ يَلُونَهُ، وَالآخَرُونَ قِيَامٌ يَحْرُسُونَهُمْ، ثُمَّ سَجَدُوا فِي مَكَانِهِمْ، ثُمَّ جَلَسَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ فَجَلَسُوا جَمِيعًا، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ عَلَيْهِمْ، فَصَلاهَا رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ مَرَّتَيْنِ: مَرَّةً بِعُسْفَانَ، وَمَرَّةً بِأَرْضِ بَنِي سُلَيْمٍ.
قَوْلِهِ تَعَالَى: وَلْتَأْتِ طَائِفَةٌ أُخْرَى لَمْ يُصَلُّوا فَلْيُصَلُّوا مَعَكَ وَلْيَأْخُذُوا حِذْرَهُمْ وأسلحتهم «١» .
٥٩٠٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، ثنا نُعَيْمُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ، ثنا ابْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، أَنْبَأَ مَعْمَرٌ عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ سَالِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ فِي قَوْلِهِ: وَإِذَا كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلاةَ قَالَ: هِيَ صَلاةُ الْخَوْفِ، صَلَّى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِإِحْدَى الطَّائِفَتَيْنِ رَكْعَةً، وَالطَّائِفَةُ الأُخْرَى مُقْبِلَةٌ عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ ثُمَّ انْصَرَفَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الَّتِي صَلَّتْ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَامُوا مَقَامَ أُولَئِكَ مُقْبِلِينَ عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ، وَأَقْبَلَتِ الطَّائِفَةُ الأُخْرَى الَّتِي كَانَتْ مُقْبِلَةً عَلَى الْعَدُوِّ فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ رَكْعَةً وَاحِدَةً، ثُمَّ سَلَّمَ بِهِمْ، ثُمَّ قَامَتْ كُلُّ طَائِفَةٍ فَصَلُّوا رَكْعَةً رَكْعَةً.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَدَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ تَغْفُلُونَ عَنْ أَسْلِحَتِكُمْ وَأَمْتِعَتِكُمْ فَيَمِيلُونَ عَلَيْكُمْ مَيْلَةً واحدة.
٥٩٠١ - أَخْبَرَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ بْنِ مَزْيَدٍ قِرَاءَةً، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ شُعَيْبِ بْنِ شَابُورَ، أَخْبَرَنِي سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ، عن أبي عياش الزرقي قَالَ: رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بِعُسْفَانَ وَمَعَهُ النَّاسُ، وَعَلَى الْمُشْرِكِينَ يَوْمَئِذٍ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ، فَأَمَرَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَأَخَذُوا أَسْلِحَتَهُمْ، فَصَلَّى بِهِمْ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ الظُّهْرَ، فَقَالَ: لَقَدْ كَانُوا عَلَى حَالٍ لَوْ أَرَدْنَا أَنْ نَصِيبَ مِنْهُمْ غِرَّةً أَوْ غَفْلَةً، فَأُنْزِلَتْ آيَةُ الْقَصْرِ بَيْنَ الظُّهْرِ وَالْعَصْرِ يَعْنِي: وَدَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا لَوْ تَغْفُلُونَ عَنْ أَسْلِحَتِكُمْ وَأَمْتِعَتِكُمْ فَيَمِيلُونَ عليكم ميلة واحدة.
(١) . الحاكم ١/ ٣٣٧.
