al-Mu'alla ibn Isma'il [said] that a man came to Ubayy ibn Ka'b and asked him about the divine decree (qadar). He said: "Glory be to Allah the Almighty; indeed, Allah created the heavens and the earth, and He created good and evil. He made happy through good whom He willed, and He made wretched through evil whom He willed."
7079 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas informed us, Yazid narrated to us, Sa'id narrated to us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "[Who] created the heavens and the earth," he said: "He created the heavens before the earth."
7080 - Muhammad ibn Hammad Abu 'Abd Allah al-Tahrani informed us in what he wrote to me: Isma'il ibn 'Abd al-Karim narrated to us, 'Abd al-Samad ibn Ma'qil informed me that he heard his uncle, Wahb ibn Munabbih, saying: "'Uzayr said: 'O Lord, You commanded the water, so it froze in the midst of the air, and from it You made seven [layers], and You named them the heavens. Then You commanded the water to rift from the earth, and You commanded the earth to separate from the water, and so it was. Thus, You named all of that the earths, and all of the water the seas.'"
His saying (the Exalted): "And made the darkness."
7081 - al-Hasan ibn Ayyub al-Qazwini narrated to us, Salamah ibn Shabib narrated to us, Musa ibn Isma'il narrated to us, Muhammad ibn Muslim ibn Abi al-Waddah narrated to us, from Khusayf, from Mujahid, he said regarding: "All praise is due to Allah, who created the heavens and the earth and made the darkness and the light; then those who disbelieve equate [others] with their Lord": He said: "This verse was revealed concerning the Zandaqa (heretics). They said: 'Verily, Allah does not create darkness, nor beetles, nor scorpions, nor anything ugly; rather, Allah [only] creates light and everything good.' He said: "So this verse was revealed concerning them."
7082 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim informed me in what he wrote to me: Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us, Asbat narrated to us, from al-Suddi, regarding His saying: "And made the darkness and the light," he said: "The darkness is the darkness of the night."
7083 - Muhammad ibn Yahya narrated to us, al-'Abbas ibn al-Walid al-Narsi informed us, Yazid ibn Zuray', narrated to us, Sa'id narrated to us, from Qatadah, regarding His saying: "And made the darkness and the light," he said: "He created the darkness before the light."
His saying: "And the light."
7084 - Ahmad ibn 'Uthman ibn Hakim informed me in what he wrote to me: Ahmad ibn Mufaddal narrated to us,
الْمُعَلَّى بْنِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ أَنَّ رَجُلا أَتَى أُبَيَّ بْنَ كَعْبٍ، فَسَأَلَهُ عَنِ الْقَدَرِ فَقَالَ: سُبْحَانَ اللَّهِ الْعَظِيمِ، إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ، وَخَلَقَ الْخَيْرَ وَالشَّرَّ، وَأَسْعَدَ بِالْخَيْرِ مَنْ شَاءَ، وَأَشْقَى بِالشَّرِّ مَنْ شَاءَ.
٧٠٧٩ - وَحَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أنا الْعَبَّاسُ، ثنا يَزِيدُ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ قَوْلُهُ: خلق السماوات وَالأَرْضَ، قَالَ: خَلَقَ السَّمَوَاتِ قَبْلَ الأَرْضِ.
٧٠٨٠ - أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَمَّادٍ أَبُو عَبْدِ اللَّهِ الطِّهْرَانِيُّ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الْكَرِيمِ، أَخْبَرَنِي عَبْدُ الصَّمَدِ بْنُ مَعْقِلٍ أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ عَمَّهُ وَهْبَ بْنَ مُنَبِّهٍ يَقُولُ قَالَ عُزَيْرٌ: يَا رَبِّ أَمَرْتَ الْمَاءَ فَجَمَدَ فِي وَسَطِ الْهَوَاءِ، فَجَعَلْتَ مِنْهُ سَبْعًا، وَسَمَّيْتَهَا السَّمَوَاتِ، ثُمَّ أَمَرْتَ الْمَاءَ يَنْفَتِقُ مِنَ التُّرَابِ، وَأَمَرْتَ التُّرَابَ أَنْ يَتَمَيَّزَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ، فَكَانَ ذَلِكَ، فَسَمَّيْتَ جَمِيعَ ذَلِكَ الأَرَضِينَ وَجَمِيعَ الْمَاءِ الْبِحَارَ.
قَوْلُهُ تَعَالَى: وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ
٧٠٨١ - حَدَّثَنَا الْحَسَنُ بْنُ أَيُّوبَ الْقَزْوِينِيُّ، ثنا سَلَمَةُ بْنُ شَبِيبٍ، ثنا مُوسَى بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، ثنا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ مُسْلِمِ بْنِ أَبِي الْوَضَّاحِ، عَنْ خُصَيْفٍ، عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ قَالَ:
الْحَمْدُ لِلّهِ الَّذِي خَلَقَ السَّمَاوَاتِ وَالأَرْضَ وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ ثُمَّ الَّذِينَ كَفَرُوا بِرَبِّهِمْ يَعْدِلُونَ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ فِي الزَّنَادِقَةِ، قَالُوا: إِنَّ اللَّهَ لَا يَخْلُقُ الظُّلْمَةَ وَلا الْخَنَافِسَ وَلا الْعَقَارِبَ وَلا شَيْئًا قَبِيحًا، وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ يَخْلُقُ الضَّوْءَ وَكُلَّ شَيْءٍ حَسَنٍ قَالَ: فَأُنْزِلَتْ فِيهِمْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ.
٧٠٨٢ - وَأَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ، ثنا أَسْبَاطٌ، عَنِ السُّدِّيِّ، قوله: وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ قَالَ: الظُّلُمَاتُ: ظُلْمَةُ اللَّيْلِ.
٧٠٨٣ - حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ يَحْيَى، أَنَا الْعَبَّاسُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ النَّرْسِيُّ، ثنا يَزِيدُ بْنُ زُرَيْعٍ، ثنا سَعِيدٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، قَوْلَهُ: وَجَعَلَ الظُّلُمَاتِ وَالنُّورَ قَالَ: خَلَقَ الظُّلْمَةَ قَبْلَ النُّورِ.
قَوْلُهُ: وَالنُّورَ.
٧٠٨٤ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ فِيمَا كَتَبَ إِلَيَّ، ثنا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُفَضَّلٍ،
